Aboriginal Religion, Christianity, and Islam... Essay

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' For example, "the most devout Muslim is one who prays all five prayers immediately when they become due -- which, for the first prayer of the day, involves getting up before sunrise. Such a person only misses a prayer in the most unusual and extreme circumstances, and is fairly scrupulous in following the Sharia (including many of the parts of it that are merely sunna)" (Segwick 2009: 42). In contrast to sunna, Sharia is written down, either in the Quran itself or in the writings and interpreters of various scholars known as Ulema. Virtually every aspect of daily life, from praying five times a day to matters of hygiene, is outlined in Sharia. "For Muslims, the text of the Koran is entirely the work and word of God" (Segwick 2009: 42).

As might be expected in any faith, there is considerable variation in terms of the religiosity of various members. "The Sharia offers two principal categories for measuring religiosity: "righteous" (salih) and "corrupt" (fasih), roughly equating to observant and non-observant" (Segwick 2009: 42). Prayer is often considered the standard by which Muslim fervency is mentioned, although the ease of keeping the commandment to pray five times a day will vary, depending on the individual Muslim's circumstances.

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"The medieval Ulema generally held that someone who did not pray at all had left Islam, and so could be punished for apostasy" (Segwick 2009: 43). There is considerable variation between different sects about what constitutes appropriate behavior, particularly in relation to hadith, or the colloquial or unwritten beliefs and ideas of Mohammed not written down but passed down from generation to generation. Of course, the most notable divide in Islam is between Sunni and Shia Muslims when the faith divided into different schisms as to who was the 'correct' leader to follow after Mohammed's death. Sunni Islam dominates the majority of the Islamic world......

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