Agriculture and Less Developed Nations. There Is Term Paper

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Agriculture and less developed nations. There is one reference used for this paper.

There are many issues facing underdeveloped nations today. It is important to examine if these countries should give up their agriculture sector in order to become a well developed nation.

Inverse Populations

In comparison to the rest of the world, underdeveloped countries have an inverse percentage of citizens who are involved in the farming industry. In 1993, "2.2 billion people in these countries were involved in agriculture as producers, while another 800 million lived in rural areas. There was also a strong inverse relationship between a nation's level of per capita income and the size of the rural population: 78% of the population in nations with per capita income below U.S. $400 per year were located in the rural sector, whereas in the 'upper middle income countries' with per capita income above $1,600 per year, the rural population accounted for 35% of the total population (Cypher, 331-365)." Although the countries experienced these inverse properties, there was little contribution to their GDP from the agricultural sector.

Urban Bias

Urban bias plays a major role in the neglect of agriculture in underdeveloped nations. This theory states that "agriculture receives relatively little attention in the implementation of most development strategies, due to a complex of social forces and processes operating both in the developing and in the developed nations (Cypher, 331-365).

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Many of the policy makers in these countries live in urban areas and have little contact with the rural areas. They are educated in Western ideas and have little or no experience with the agricultural sector. "Development is equated with industrialization, and industrialization has been predominately an urban phenomenon, which leads to neglect of the rural agricultural sector (Cypher, 331-365)."

Culture and Problems

Agriculture is often neglected due to cultural influences. Many of those involved in this sector are looked upon as "peasants, tribal peoples, indigenous people, or lower-level caste groups who often speak a different language or dialect (Cypher, 331-365)."

There are several factors which have a negative impact on the agriculture industry. There are few paved roads to transport the goods, creating a longer delivery time to the markets, and a high rate of spoilage. Erosion and deforestation are reducing the amount of cultivatable acreage, bad weather such as drought or flooding can devastate entire crops, and lack of irrigation systems in these areas can result in a shortened growing season.

Colonization and Primary Exports

Many underdeveloped nations were originally colonized by now developed, industrialized nations. These underdeveloped countries are largely mono-exporters as part of the colonial legacy, and this practice can have a negative effect on the economy if the primary export products are destroyed by weather or….....

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