Antibiotic Resistance Overuse Clinical Concerns Case Study Case Study

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ANTIBIOTICS

Antibiotics


Infections are common causes of death among children and adults. Antibiotics have been used in treating infections such as those of the urinary tract owing to their effectiveness. However, it would be prudent to note that there are clinical problems related to antibiotics resistance which is caused by various factors. Overuse happens to be one of the factors that cause antibiotic resistance (Cegielski, Tudor, Volchenkov, and Jensen, 2021). Overuse of antibiotics is promoted by lack of regulation - making them cheap, plentiful, and easily accessible over the counter. As the Cegielski, Tudor, Volchenkov, and Jensen (2021) further suggest, overuse of antibiotics leads to resistance. Essentially, consumption of antibiotics leads to dissemination and emergence of a resistant bacteria strain (Cegielski, Tudor, Volchenkov, and Jensen, 2021). In the said bacteria, genes are inherited or acquired through genetic elements which are mobile. The horizontal gene transfer allows the transfer of antibiotic resistance to different bacterial species. Mutation can also cause antibiotic resistance whereby drug-sensitive competitors are removed leading to natural selection. As a result, resistant bacteria is left behind (Cegielski, Tudor, Volchenkov, and Jensen, 2021). The said bacteria threatens the health benefits of antibiotics. In addition, infections caused by antibiotic resistance place a huge economic and health burden on the population and the entire health system.

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To prevent antibacterial resistance owing to overuse, Cegielski, Tudor, Volchenkov, and Jensen (2021) suggest that…

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…to the author, bronchodilators are medications that are used to treat conditions related to the lungs. Asthmatic bronchitis which is a lung condition that causes bronchospasm. Essentially, bronchospasm means that the airways are narrowed and constricted. Persons with narrowed airways experience difficulties in coughing mucus up. In addition the said condition makes it hard for them to breath in and out through the lungs (Carter, 2019). Therefore, bronchodilators are important in asthmatic bronchitis owing to the fact that they widen or dilate the airways that had been constricted and narrowed thus making breathing easier. Essentially, bronchodilators relax the muscles found in the airways. The said relaxation leads to the opening of the airways and widening of the bronchial tubes (Carter, 2019).….....

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