Art Period France Has Been Term Paper

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The figures of people, carriages, etc. are "washed-out," they are as small as ants are. The method of reflecting motion and dynamics of routine life by "washed-out effect" was borrowed "from a new invention of photography" (Schapiro 81). Photographic cameras of that epoch were not sensitive for picturing motion, so all objects in motion were "washed-out."

Some impressionists, for example Edgar Degas (1834-1917), were influenced by ethnic painting techniques such as Chinese and Japanese graphics, characterized by striking representation of shape and figures. Degas continued Monet's experiments with light and reflection of motion. Many of his paintings were influenced by other methods similar to photography: uncommon visual angles and asymmetric perspectives, which can be observed in such paintings as a Carriage at the Races (1872), Ballet Rehearsal (1876) characterized by unusual visual solution and geometric interpretation.

Auguste Renoir (1841-19191), father of Impressionism, became famous for his mass portraits. Renoir's Impressionism was an embodiment of optimism and joy of routine life, his "society" was enjoying and pleasurable. Such works as the Swing and the Ball at the Moulin de la Galette (both 1876) are sensuous and full of aesthetic energy. At the same time Renoir appeared to be the first impressionist who noticed coming crisis of his "creation," crisis of "pure" impressionism (at least the crisis of impressionism in his works). For example, painting the Luncheon of the Boating Party (1881) looks chaotic and fragmented. The group of people had lost the sense of unity and distinctiveness of forms is less observed.

Alfred Sisley became famous for a series of landscapes panted in late 1870's. Sisley painted under the guidance of Claude Monet, that's why lyrics in his paintings dominates over the subject (Floods at Port-Marly, Mus-e d'Orsay 1876).
Influence of Camille Corot, realist painter, on his early works had resulted in passion for painting landscapes where the central place was devoted to sky and different effects of rain and snow: (Snow at V-neux; Mus-e d'Orsay1880).

Camille Pissaro may be also considered one of the founders of Impressionism as he belonged to those few who started working with Monet and Renoir in early 1870's. Pissaro's paintings have much in common with Monet's but still they stand apart from the works of Boulevard des Capucines creator as figurative objects on his works were less washed-out and more distinct (for example Boulevard Montmartre in Paris if compared to Boulevard des Capucines of Claude Monet)

The influence of impressionism was observed nearly in all works of French artists of the late 19th century. One of such artists was Berthe Morrisot (1841-1895) who started as realist. Berthe Morissot's works were influenced by Claude Monet, so she decided to refuse from the realist standards borrowed from Camille Corot and referred to more innovative and original technique. Being one of the most famous impressionists, Morissot soon refused from "pure impressionism" and returned to work in the workshop, as she didn't absolutely rely on spontaneous impressions. Her Interior at the Isle of Wight (1875) and Sur la Falaise aux Petites Dalles (1873) remain to be art masterpieces of Impressionism period.

The contribution of impressionists is invaluable as they set new standards of fine art and had opened perspectives for the development of art in future. The precedent was set. Later impressionism gave birth to post-impressionism, symbolism, primitivism and modern......

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