Autonomy and Nursing One of Essay

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This caring paradigm goes far beyond any one individual nurse and produces acts of caring that transcend any one theory and become associated with a greater good -- holism and non-judgmental care (Watson, 1989, 32).

Ethics- the power of Watson is that she does not see humans in a vacuum, but as the compilation of many different experiences that work to enrich and enliven their lives, but that cannot ever be known by the nurse unless the nurse is open to non-verbal communication. Too, transpersonal caring is the idea that the patient takes responsibility for their own health and works in conjunction with the nurse to achieve the best health outcome possible. (Watson, 1989, 70). This is a very Zen way of looking at healthcare -- the harmony between mind, body and soul -- with disease as disharmony -- but with a very real desire to change that experience into the positive. Indeed, integral to Watson's theory are ten carative factors that serve as "a framework for providing a structure and order for nursing phenomena" (Watson J., the Theory of Human Caring, 1997). This also focuses on the manner in which professional value systems integrate theory into practice by focusing on the ethical and moral relationship with the client.

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Values -- Watson's theory includes 10 carative factors that, when taken both individually and in total, show us how nursing theory translates into nursing values on a day-to-day practice level:

1) Humanistic-altruistic system of values; 2) Faith-hope; 3) Sensitivity to self and others;

4) Helping-trusting, human care relationship; 5) Expressing positive and negative feelings;

6) Creative problem-solving caring process; 7) Transpersonal teaching-learning; 8) Supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal, and Spiritual environment; 9) Human needs assistance; 10) Existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces.

Professional Standards - All of this presupposes a knowledge base and clinical competence (Watson, Nursing: Human Science and Human Care, 1989, 75). Watson thinks that the nursing profession must separate itself from the old fashioned, traditional medical paradigm (the germ theory) and move towards a human holism program. Watson realizes that her theory is never finished, but a complete work in progress and "invites participants to co-create the co-create the model's further emergence" (Watson, Human Caring, 1997). Everything, to Watson, from human nature to medical theory continues to evolve in an unending process (Watson, 1989). It is the power of integration with Watson that allows theory to have a meaningful and relevant purpose when dealing with ethics, morals, values, and professional standards within the healthcare environment.

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