Behaviorism and Constructivism Using the Term Paper

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8-10)

Kohn's belief of behaviorism

Kohn's belief is the most controversial since he believes that the other behaviorist theory is not entirely correct. For example, he believes that arrogance is an individual's authority as well as status and the willingness, eagerness to enforce an individual's theory through the exertion of control on other persons as outlined by others (Curran,1998)

Criticisms

It contradicts Darwin's ideas of natural selection-Darwinsm does contradict skinner's theory of operant conditioning. This is because Darwin believed that humans are constantly in a process of improving themselves in order to gain control of themselves (self-control).However "to increase self-control means to increase liberty" or rather free-will is a concept denied by Skinner (Dahlbom, 1984, p. 486)

Constructivism as a learning theory

Constructivism's meaning changes in regards to one's perspective as well as position. In the domain of education, various philosophical interpretation of constructivism exists. There is the personal constructivism as pointed out by Piaget (1967).There also exists educational constructivism as described by Matthews (1998).

Skinner's belief of constructivism

He believed that the beginning of human behavior can be contributed to constructivism.later on the behaviorism aspects starts to take over. This is evident when he said that "the variables of which human behavior is a function lie in the environment " (Skinner,1977,p.1)

Kohn's belief of constructivism

Core favors constructivism. His opinion can be summarized as

"… the process of learning does indeed require that meaning, ethical or otherwise, be actively invented and reinvented, from the inside out. It requires that children be given the opportunity to make sense of such concepts as fairness or courage, regardless of how long the concepts themselves have been around.

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(p. 435, 1997)

My opinion

My opinion on constructivism is that it does not act alone in the learning process. Other elements such as the environment and genetics also play a big role in the process. Therefore for a constructivist classroom, the creative process should be made part and parcel of the learning process.

Criticism

The main criticism is that it contradicts other findings (Matthews, 2000)

It is elitist. Various Critics do say that constructivism and as well as other "progressive" theories of education have favored children from privileged backgrounds with outstanding teachers, parents who are committed, and rich residential environments while not favoring children from disadvantaged backgrounds who lack resources.

Leads to "group think" which makes opinions from the majority group discussions thwart those of the minority groups in classrooms.

Behaviorism and Constructivism in Classroom

Social constructivisms as well as educational constructivism (theories of learning as well as pedagogy) have been noted to be influential in the classroom situation have great impacts on both instruction as well as in the design of curriculum. The teaching as well as the learning process depends heavily in constructivist-based methods of instruction which has been noted to put priority to the classroom learning process. Behaviorist theory was previously in use but was dropped as a result of frustrations it casused.Currently it has been replaced with the constructionist approach due to its success......

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