Budgeting Process in Criminal Justice. Research Paper

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Criminal justice agencies rarely use a program budget, although this format does offer some advantages. This budget places a strong emphasis on different programs' social utility and strives to define the relationship between policy objectives, programs, and specific expenditures (such as citing the amount of money allocated to DUI prevention and arrests for the offense). It justifies and explains budget areas to provide accountability for objectives, and enables employees and politicians alike to understand department objectives. However, it can be expensive to implement.

PPBS (planning- programming- budgeting systems) and zero-based budgeting formats were used by several states during the 1970s as well as private industries, although these formats are rarely used by cities and have since fallen out of favor. There are three basic budget processes -- planning, management, and control. PPBS and zero-based budgeting strives to define all of these elements, every year, as part of the budgetary development process.

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When requesting funds, a department must detail every aspect of their budget, year after year, and are not allowed to refer to previous years. The zero-based budgetary process gets its name because every year, each budget must begin at zero. Critiques of the process cite its complexity and the additional funds required for accounting.

Explain how criminal justice administrators supplement their budgets and how they attempt to stretch their limited resources.

Recently, because of the costs of incarceration, many criminal justice agencies have shifted their focus away from hard-line enforcement and tried to find less costly ways of enforcing the law and punishing offenders. Alternate sentencing to reduce the prison population is one cost-saving measure; so is reforming sentencing guidelines to reduce the incarceration rates of non-violent criminals, such as drug offenders.

Reference

Peak, Kenneth J. (2009). Justice administration: Police, courts, and corrections management.

5th Edition. New York: Prentice….....

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