Comparison of Four Countries Geography Essay

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Cuba, Central African Republic, Iran, MyanmarExtractive PerformanceSymbolismRegulation and TransparencyDistributive PerformancePolitical RecruitmentCubaCaribbean island nation, gained independence from Spain with Treaty of Paris in 1898. United States military occupied for more than 3 years.Capital – HavanaClimate - Tropical with trade winds; wet season May to October and dry season November to AprilArea 110,860 sq kmWorld rank in area:107Pop. 11,147,407world rank 80Government: Communist StateUN, UNESCO, WHO,WTOPoor extractive performance. Service industry about 75% of the economy. 21.5% of GDP is in the industrial sector and 3.9% in agriculture. GDP in purchasing power parity is $132.9 billion and climbing, ranked 80 in the world.Flag : The triangle symbolizes the three components of liberty, equality, fraternity.The three blue bands are divisions on the island (central, east, west).The white bands symbolize the purity of independence.The white star in the red triangle is La Estrella Solitaria (the Lone Star).Not Free, Civil Liberties score 6/7, Political Rights 7/7.CPI Score 47/100CPI Rank 62/180Human rights problems included arbitrary detentions, no freedom of expression or media, censorship. No religious freedom or academic freedom. No freedom of assembly.Weak transparency for government monopolies.Per capita GDP is stagnant at $11,900 (2016 est.), ranked 131 in the world.Dependency ratio 43.3Life expectancy 78.8, ranked 57 in the worldHealth expenditures ranked 12th in the world at 11.1% of GDP.Literacy: Male 99.9%, Female 99.8%110.7 births/1,000 population (rank 184 in the world)8.7 deaths/1,000 population (rank 74 in the world)Very little FDI. Not member of the World Bank.Cuba has had restrictive regulatory environments, slowly changing but growing private sectorUnited States sanctions detrimental to economy.Political Rights 1/40One party system, but citizens vote for national assembly.Corruption and inefficiencies in government.15 provincesOffice holders are all PCC party members.No ethnic/geographic/religious divisions in politics but Castro family dominates upper strata of politicsCentral African RepublicLandlocked country in central Africa. Borders Cameroon, Chad, DRC, Republic of Congo, South Sudan, and Sudan.Area: 622,984 sq km(rank 46 in world)Former French colony.Independence in 1960.Capital – BanguiGovernment: Presidential RepublicClimate – Tropical with dry winter and wet summer.Pop. 5,625,118World rank 115Memberships: IMF, UN, WHO, WTOGDP purchasing power parity: $3.395 billion (ranked 185 in world)Per capita GDP $700Lucrative mining industries (gold and diamonds)Exports: $118.5 million total, mainly coffee, timber, cotton, diamonds.Flag: Combines French colors (red, white, blue) with pan-African flag colors (green, red, yellow). Red is blood spilled for independence, blue is freedom, white is peace and dignity, green is hope and faith, yellow is tolerance. The star is future aspirationsNot Free, Civil LibertiesScore 7/7Freedom 7/7Political Rights 7/7CPI Score 23/100Government controls diamond trade.Instability, frequent coups.Serious human rights problems. Poverty. Poor infrastructure, high rate of infectious disease. Armed conflict and inadequate healthcare. Displacement, people fleeing to neighboring countries.$323-$700 per capita GDP.Life expectancy 52.8 years (rank 217 in world)Literacy—Total population 36.8%Male 50.7%,Female 24.4%34.3 births/1,000 population13.2 deaths/1,000 populationPolitical Rights 4/40A coup in 2013 has changed things, although officially there is a direct election and French model of law.Lawlessness throughout, especially…

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…leaders are frequently taken prisoner or held under house arrest.Geography has no bearing on elected officials, but gender does, and no religion other than Islam.

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MyanmarSoutheast Asia. Also called Burma.On Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal.Borders Thailand, Bangladesh, China, India, Laos.Capital – Rangoon and Nay Pyi Taw (administrative)Climate – Tropical Monsoon.Area 676,578 sq kmWorld rank 41Pop. 55,123,814World rank 24Government: Parliamentary Republic, based on English common law.IMF, UN, UNESCO, WHO, WTOGDP purchasing power parity: $330.9 billionGDP per capita: $6,300By sector GDP 40% services, 25% agriculture, 35% industryAgriculture and wood are primary exports, but also natural gas.Recent economic reforms have introduced foreign direct investment but growth is slow.Flag: Three horizontal stripes, yellow, green, and red.National symbol is a mythical lion called Chinthe.Song: "Kaba Ma Kyei"Partly Free, Civil LibertiesScore 5/7Overall Freedom 5/7Political Rights 5/7CPI Score 30/100Easing of regulatory environment and attempting to stop corruption.However, transparency remains an issue and government regulations do continue to pose trade and development barriers.Human rights problems: denial of Rohingya citizenship, leading to their fleeing into BandladeshNo freedom of assembly, and poor women’s rights.GDP $6,300 per capitaLife expectancy for total population: 68.2 yearsLiteracy total: 75.6%Male 80%, Female 71.8%18.1 births/1,000 population7.4 deaths/1,000 populationGovernment has consistently used ethnic divisions in a divide-and-rule fashion. There are well over 100 different ethnic groups with 68% the Burman (Bamar) people. There is nPolitical Rights 5/7The political rights situation has improved, although the military still operates without much oversight or checks on its powers.Restrictions….....

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