The Cost of Healthcare Essay

Total Length: 686 words ( 2 double-spaced pages)

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New staffing legislation would require Medicare-participating hospitals to establish committees consisting of staff nurses who will make decisions regarding unit staffing needs. According to Rothberg, Abraham, Lindenauer and Rose (2005) many states have introduced legislation that would limit the ratio of patients to nurses, meaning that most hospitals would be required to staff more nurses—and as Rothberg et al. (2005) point out, “increased staffing places a considerable financial burden on hospitals” (p. 785). Their study showed that by limiting the number of patients to nurses at 4 to 1, the average cost per life saved was approximately $450,000 and that “as a patient safety intervention, patient-to-nurse ratios of 4:1 are reasonably cost-effective and in the range of other commonly accepted interventions” (Rothberg et al., 2005, p. 785). Everhart, Neff, Al-Amin, Nogle and Weech-Maldonado (2013) found that nursing staff levels impact financial performance in markets where there is a great deal of competition—but not in markets where competition is minimal.

The policy of staffing is funded as part of the hospital’s overall budget, as nurse salaries and benefits make up a substantial part of the hospital’s cost. Reiter, Harless, Pink & Mark (2012) find that “direct costs of nursing, 80 percent of which are salaries and benefits, have been shown to comprise approximately 44 percent of the total direct costs of inpatient care and 30 percent of all hospital expenditures” (p. 1031) and that estimates of cost per hospital for complying with the staffing legislation are between $200,000 and $2.3 million (Retier et al.
, 2012). Thus, the annual cost of complying with the staffing legislation averages out to about $1.25 million.

Financial and budgetary efforts developed to contain costs focus on identifying the average number of patients and the number of nurses needed to meet the legislated ratio. However, there is also the issue of paying attention to turnover rates as reducing these would help to offset increased staffing costs. Cost-containment strategies focus on reducing turnover and reducing medical errors and also to implement greater use of telehealth as this can reduce the number of in-patients while keeping care quality high. Regulations of a patient to nurse ratio of 4:1 mean that the hospital must always be staffing twice as many nurses today as in the past (Reiter et al., 2012).

The financing of this policy impacts health outcomes in a positive way, as Everhart et al. (2013)….....

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