Education (Research) the Scientific and Term Paper

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At this stage also, a questionnaire or instrument is formulated and kinds of analysis to be conducted after data collection are determined.

These rigorous steps of developing the methodology for a research are culminated with the conduct of the data collection itself, which, in the example given earlier, the research collected data through the survey method. After collection, processing of the data would be next, followed by the analyses and interpretation of these processed survey data. After data analysis, the researcher uses his/her knowledge and experience as an expert in the field of health by interpreting the data results in the context of health and the social environment of the community. Both data analyses and interpretation are summarized and made easier to communicate through a formal report, both in oral and written modalities.

The outlines systematic approach to research inquiry, while they may appear to be very rigorous and scientific in their manner or conduct, is also susceptible to certain limitations. These limitations are determined by the kind of methodology and kind of analysis used in the research. The example provided earlier, a survey research, has limitations in terms of the scope or applicability of the results to the population under study (in this case, the community).

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A survey could provide a general overview of the nature of health knowledge, attitude and practices about the community, but it cannot provide in-depth information about a specific issue that the researcher wants addressed in the community. Conversely, an in-depth interview or FGD cannot provide a general overview of the health practices of a community because these methods do not make use of a representative sample during the data collection period.

Another limitation that scientific inquiry has is that it follows a pattern or system wherein the researcher could either prove or disprove a hypothesis or research claim that s/he has formulated. Thus, the scope of the research is limited, and other factors affecting its nature and outcome may not have been taken into consideration during the research process. This is an acceptable reality, however, since a researcher could only study and analyze a reasonable number of variables. Lastly, because of the dynamic nature of human behavior, results generated for a specific time period could change radically in a short period of time, hence, the data generated could no longer be considered applicable or descriptive of the population or community under study......

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