Eels and Connectivity Essay

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Otherwise more data and creative solutions would be required in order to get some sense of how to maintain eel populations. The notion of doing a population survey in the Sargasso Sea is tempting, although it is difficult to see how this would be accomplished. Perhaps serious monitoring efforts on the return of the juveniles -- taking the place of harvesting of these juveniles -- could give some sense of the abundance of the species on a yearly basis. Otherwise a fishing ban or limit on the adult eel could be enacted if the numbers are as seriously depleted as is feared. But obviously the unusual life cycle makes the commercial farming of eels extremely difficult, as they do not mate in captivity. If this could somehow be accomplished, it would be a useful way to raise the numbers of the species.

2. The Ecosystems Approach to Management notes that ecosystem borders are not often the same as political boundaries. As a result, the position of a conservation manager who is trying to connect two protected areas that are at a geographical distance from one another is slightly difficult: there is no obvious way to demand a roadway between the two, even if a roadway would help (which is unlikely). Some factors, of course, do not require any help from the conservationist at all: for example, if both of these patches of protected area are sustaining large quantities of protected or endangered bird life, it seems relatively straightforward that the distance between the two (or the unprotected area between) is likely to make much difference to species that can fly. However the notion of geographically distinct protected areas is problematic for an ecosystems approach and also for biodiversity in general: it is the equivalent of having two small fenced-in areas whose wildlife populations are unlikely to encounter each other.

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In order to establish biological connections between the two areas, the conservation manager would probably have to monitor genetic diversity of endangered populations quite closely, as in extremely small mating numbers these would essentially be separated out into different genetic populations that do not interact. Thus maintaining genetic diversity in endangered populations within these two distinct areas would have to be a priority for the conservation manager, in order to make sure that any numerically depleted species does not suffer the additional ill effects of inbreeding. However connectivity in habitats is extremely important especially in terms of climate change, which might overall affect population movements on a large scale. Thus any potential migratory path between the two unconnected protected areas should be monitored, especially if it contains roadways or significant human habitation: the idea of making it as natural as possible for the wildlife, should they chose to migrate between the two protected areas, should be kept in mind......

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