Ethics, Politics and Metaphysics B) Term Paper

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Put another way he contends that the reasoned man must expect the unexpected, while relying on his own memories and senses to determine eventual effects. Rules must apply only when they have been proven repeatedly and are therefore a sound representation of what might happen.

Cause and effect to Hume are those things, which explain the causal relationship of events, and things. Causal relationships are determined by our individual set of beliefs associated with the individual's previous experiences. Hume explains that it is only this historical understanding of the past that guides our ideas of cause and effect. It therefore does not seem strange that we cannot know for certain that the sun will rise tomorrow, though it has been proven to do so repeatedly for as long as man has been recording the passage of days. It is only something we rely on as a truth because of our ideas of memory and the results of our senses.

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"The contrary of every matter of fact is still possible, because it can never imply a contradiction and is conceived by the mind with the same facility and distinctness, as if ever so conformable to reality."(Hume 500)

It therefore goes without saying that despite the many explanations of reason of previous philosophers Hume was in contention that they as well as we cannot suppose to know cause and effect in relation to universals. Though this does not completely disagree with Socrates, who believed that the only wise man was the one who admitted his lack of knowledge, cementing his ability to be open to knew ideas. nor, does it contradict Aristotle and his idea that there are "ultimate truths" but that they are simply not….....

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