How the FBI Uses Big Data to Identify Crime Trends and Patterns Research Paper

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Evaluation of the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reporting ProgramEstablished in 1908, the current stated mission of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is to “protect the American people and uphold the Constitution of the United States” (Our vision and mission, 2021, para. 2). To achieve this vital mission, the FBI investigates a wide range of domestic crimes, including white-collar, organized and violent crimes, among others. One of the key strategies that the FBI uses to fight these types of crimes is their Uniform Crime Reporting Program which can identify important trends to help the organization focus its efforts where they are most needed. To gain a better understanding of these tools, the purpose of this paper is to provide an evaluation of the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program website’s resources on crime and victimization, including a description of these online resources, the URL where they can be located and an analysis concerning how these selected resources differ in their respective approaches to information collection, including whether they report sampling information and what the reported statistics mean. In addition, a discussion concerning whether the FBI reports the sampling method used in the studies from which they obtained these statistics is followed by recommendations on improving these sampling methods in order to increase the representativeness and generalizability of these statistics. Finally, a summary of the research and key findings concerning the foregoing issues about the FBI and its Uniform Crime Reporting Program are presented in the conclusion.Five selected resources from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program WebsiteThe five resources selected from the FBI’s Uniform Crime Report Program website at https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/ucr/ on crime or victimization and a brief description of these resources and their respective locations are provided below:· Resource #1: National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) at https://www.fbi. gov/services/cjis/ucr/nibrs: This resource provides detailed information concerning every crime incident that is reported by nationwide law enforcement agencies together with separate offenses that occur during the same crime incident (i.e., information on the victims involved as well as known offenders, the relationships between offenders and victims, arrestees, and the property involved in crimes). At present, 57% of the nation’s 14,993 law enforcement agencies provide data for the NIBRS.

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· Resource #2: Hate Crime Statistics (HCS) at https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/ucr/hate-crime: This information service collects data from data from city, county, college and university, state, tribal, and federal agencies concerning various types of violent crimes that were classified as being motivated by prejudice based on gender (or gender identity), race, disabilities, religious beliefs, sexual orientations or ethnicity; however, only federal agency participation is mandatory and all other law enforcement agencies participate on a voluntary basis.· Resource #3: Crime Data Explorer (CDE) at https://crime-data-explorer.app.cloud.gov/ pages/ home: This webpage is the most comprehensive of those reviewed. The CDE features visualization tools that use the above-described NBRIS data (for 20 states only), NIBRS and the FBI Summary Reporting System (SRS) data (25 states only) and SRS data only (five states). In addition, the CDE also provides downloadable big data files concerning crimes in the U.S.· Resource #4: Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) at https://www.fbi.gov/ services/cjis/ucr/leoka: Based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, this webpage provides information collected from participating law enforcement agencies concerning law enforcement officers that have been killed or otherwise assaulted in the United States. In addition, this webpage also features resources for law enforcement agencies only that includes a training calendar, case studies of violent encounters, in line of fire incidents and a killed in the line of duty study. The webpage is silent, though, concerning the number of law enforcement agencies that contribute data.· Resource #5: The National Use-of-Force Data Collection (NUFDC) at https://www.fbi.gov/services/cjis/ucr/use-of-force: This information service provides national-level statistics collected voluntarily from participating law enforcement agencies concerning law enforcement use-of-force incidents and basic information about the circumstances, subjects, and officers involved. with the first data collection from law enforcement agencies beginning on January 1, 2019. This webpage is also silent concerning how many federal, state, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies contribute data to this service.How These.....

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