GM and Toyota General Motors Assessment

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Total Ops.

8,485,608

7,061,704

3,638,889

3,445,640

* = Data not available

(Forbes, Toyota income statement, 2013).

Examining the income statements, Toyota's income fell from the previous three quarters, and the fall was somewhat substantial. Given that GM's net income did not demonstrate the same pattern, it does not appear to be the result of cyclical changes in the automotive sales cycle. In addition, Toyota's total revenue and net income appear to be more directly and positively correlated that GM's revenue and net income.

Balance Sheets

A company's balance sheet is another way of summarizing the company's financial health. A balance sheet is a "financial statement that summarizes a company's assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity at a specific point in time. These three balance sheet segments give investors an idea as to what the company owns and owes, as well as the amount invested by the shareholders" (Investopedia, Balance sheet, 2013). Balance sheets follow a basic formula, which is "Assets = Liabilities + Shareholders' Equity" (Investopedia, Balance sheet, 2013). Each side of the balance sheet should balance out, because assets either derive from incurring a liability or getting it from the company's equity (Investopedia, Balance sheet, 2013). "Each of the three segments of the balance sheet will have many accounts within it that document the value of each. Accounts such as cash, inventory and property are on the asset side of the balance sheet, while on the liability side there are accounts such as accounts payable or long-term debt" (Investopedia, Balance sheet, 2013).

Forbes makes the balance sheets of companies available on its website. GM's balance sheet is below:

View: Annual Data | Quarterly Data

All numbers in thousands

PERIOD ENDING

09/2012

06/2012

03/2012

12/2011

Balance Sheet - Assets

Cash and Equivalents

23,320,000

22,184,000

17,378,000

15,499,000

Restricted Cash

863,000

734,000

924,000

206,000

Marketable Securities

10,411,000

11,381,000

14,686,000

16,148,000

Accounts Receivable

13,015,000

11,117,000

12,485,000

9,949,000

Other Receivable

3,744,000

3,478,000

3,314,000

Receivables

16,759,000

14,595,000

15,799,000

9,949,000

Raw Materials

7,241,000

7,112,000

6,745,000

Work in Progress

6,486,000

Finished Goods

8,431,000

8,321,000

9,099,000

7,838,000

Inventories

15,672,000

15,433,000

15,844,000

14,324,000

Current Deferred Income Taxes

2,110,000

2,087,000

1,985,000

1,657,000

Other Current Assets

2,972,000

3,819,000

2,600,000

2,464,000

Total Current Assets

72,107,000

70,233,000

69,216,000

60,247,000

Land & Improvements

2,496,000

Building & Improvements

4,670,000

Machinery, Furniture & Equipment

17,324,000

Construction in Progress

3,068,000

Other Fixed Assets

26,578,000

25,026,000

24,275,000

Total Fixed Assets

26,578,000

25,026,000

24,275,000

27,558,000

Gross Fixed Assets (Plant, Prop. & Equip.)

26,578,000

25,026,000

24,275,000

27,558,000

Accumulated Depreciation & Depletion

4,601,000

Net Fixed Assets (Net PP&E)

26,578,000

25,026,000

24,275,000

22,957,000

Intangibles

8,904,000

9,192,000

9,687,000

10,013,000

Cost in Excess

28,408,000

28,405,000

28,433,000

29,019,000

Non-Current Deferred Income Taxes

2,778,000

3,151,000

3,411,000

2,900,000

Other Non-Current Assets

16,681,000

15,980,000

15,172,000

19,467,000

Total Non-Current Assets

83,349,000

81,754,000

80,978,000

84,356,000

Total Assets

155,456,000

151,987,000

150,194,000

144,603,000

Balance Sheet - Liabilities, Stockholders Equity

Accounts Payable

26,313,000

26,425,000

27,576,000

24,494,000

Short-Term Debt

6,278,000

5,092,000

5,350,000

1,682,000

Accrued Liabilities

25,032,000

25,134,000

23,651,000

22,756,000

Total Current Liabilities

57,623,000

56,651,000

56,577,000

48,932,000

Long-Term Debt

10,375,000

9,701,000

8,874,000

11,650,000

Deferred Income Taxes

12,757,000

12,735,000

12,754,000

12,336,000

Other Non-Current Liabilities

32,072,000

31,290,000 31,849,000

32,694,000

Minority Interest

970,000

910,000

884,000

871,000

Total Non-Current Liabilities

56,174,000

54,636,000

54,361,000

57,551,000

Total Liabilities

113,797,000

111,287,000

110,938,000

106,483,000

Preferred Stock Equity

10,391,000

10,391,000

10,391,000

10,391,000

Common Stock Equity

31,268,000

30,309,000

28,865,000

27,729,000

Common Par

16,000

16,000

16,000

16,000

Additional Paid in Capital

26,443,000

26,399,000

26,334,000

26,391,000

Retained Earnings

11,533,000

9,889,000

8,283,000

7,183,000

Other Equity Adjustments

(6,724,000)

(5,995,000)

(5,768,000)

(5,861,000)

Total Capitalization

52,034,000

50,401,000

48,130,000

49,770,000

Total Equity

41,659,000

40,700,000

39,256,000

38,120,000

Total Liabilities & Stock Equity

155,456,000

151,987,000

150,194,000

144,603,000

Cash Flow

12,342,000

12,592,000

13,270,000

15,129,000

Working Capital

14,484,000

13,582,000

12,639,000

11,315,000

Free Cash Flow

8,292,000

1,370,000

2,034,000

11,181,000

Invested Capital

52,034,000

50,401,000

48,130,000

49,770,000

* = Data not available

(Forbes, General Motors balance sheet, 2013).

Stuck Writing Your "GM and Toyota General Motors" Assessment?

Examining GM's balance sheet, several features stand out. First, GM has experienced a steady increase in assets over the last several reporting periods. Likewise, it has a significantly greater free cash flow than it had the previous two reporting periods. It has been able to continue to invest capital in the company. Finally, its equity has continued to grow over the last few reporting periods.

Toyota's balance sheet, also prepared by Forbes to aid in comparison across dimensions, is featured below:

View: Annual Data | Quarterly Data

All numbers in thousands

PERIOD ENDING

12/2012

09/2012

06/2012

03/2012

Balance Sheet - Assets

Cash and Equivalents

14,438,633

22,842,840

22,605,351

21,380,411

Marketable Securities

17,772,675

16,549,447

15,726,494

14,351,661

Accounts Receivable

18,236,608

21,813,251

22,190,099

24,300,710

Loans Receivable

54,954,449

53,746,465

51,686,652

50,001,786

Other Receivable

3,937,766

4,247,956

3,943,188

4,964,420

Receivables

77,128,825

79,807,673

77,819,939

79,266,917

Raw Materials

5,099,143

Work in Progress

2,685,898

Finished Goods

11,927,966

Other Inventories

18,885,108

20,141,323

20,376,024

Inventories

18,885,108

20,141,323

20,376,024

19,713,008

Prepaid Expenses

6,354,201

5,850,938

6,352,199

6,274,718

Current Deferred Income Taxes

7,929,450

8,552,943

8,863,616

8,733,057

Total Current Assets

142,508,895

153,745,167

151,743,627

149,719,776

Land & Improvements

14,818,434

15,913,187

15,529,540

15,107,369

Building & Improvements

43,617,269

46,918,239

45,561,549

44,485,229

Machinery, Furniture & Equipment

141,035,142

147,029,048

143,538,952

141,803,900

Construction in Progress

3,195,749

3,395,385

3,213,335

3,345,974

Total Fixed Assets

202,666,596

213,255,861

207,843,376

204,742,475

Gross Fixed Assets (Plant, Prop. & Equip.)

202,666,596

213,255,861

207,843,376

204,742,475

Accumulated Depreciation & Depletion

128,220,451

135,696,593

131,818,874

128,973,838

Net Fixed Assets (Net PP&E)

74,446,144

77,559,267

76,024,501

75,768,637

Other Non-Current Assets

157,031,347

155,593,791

148,592,004

146,963,922

Total Non-Current Assets

231,477,491

233,153,059

224,616,505

222,732,559

Total Assets

373,986,387

386,898,226

376,360,132

372,452,336

Balance Sheet - Liabilities, Stockholders Equity

Accounts Payable

26,771,923

31,545,411

32,858,378

34,894,902

Short-Term Debt

75,284,748

75,199,010

74,462,689

72,462,105

Accrued Liabilities

21,437,591

22,739,550

22,820,917

22,219,126

Other Current Liabilities

14,688,155

14,983,997

14,032,974

13,586,560

Total Current Liabilities

138,182,419

144,467,969

144,174,959

143,162,695

Long-Term Debt

74,706,516

75,511,452

72,505,940

73,422,164

Deferred Income Taxes

11,981,156

11,208,830

10,956,748

11,044,206

Other Non-Current Liabilities

11,696,756

10,912,107

10,514,776

10,349,996

Minority Interest

6,444,997

6,765,796

6,483,707

6,272,762

Total Non-Current Liabilities

104,829,427

104,398,187

100,461,173

101,089,130

Total Liabilities

243,011,846

248,866,156

244,636,132

244,251,825

Common Stock Equity

130,974,540

138,032,069

131,724,000

128,200,510

Common Par

4,824,715

Additional Paid in Capital

11,031,299

12,177,172

11,897,831

6,691,172

Retained Earnings

143,923,999

159,001,760

151,803,697

144,809,210

Treasury Stock

(13,205,272)

(14,597,570)

(14,233,500)

(13,800,109)

Other Equity Adjustments

(10,775,486)

(18,549,293)

(17,744,028)

(14,324,479)

Total Capitalization

205,681,057

213,543,521

204,229,941

201,622,674

Total Equity

130,974,540

138,032,069

131,724,000

128,200,510

Total Liabilities & Stock Equity

373,986,387

386,898,226

376,360,132

372,452,336

Cash Flow

21,578,061

22,142,188

20,043,145

16,421,277

Working Capital

4,326,476

9,277,197

7,568,667

6,557,081

Free Cash Flow

2,484,342

3,881,940

2,113,598

(2,872,981)

Invested Capital

205,681,057

213,543,521

204,229,941

201,622,674

* = Data not available

(Forbes, Toyota balance sheet, 2013).

Examining Toyota's balance sheet, several features stand out. First, Toyota appears to have experienced a steady decline in assets over the last several reporting periods. However, its free cash flow is much higher than it was in the initial reporting period. It has been able to continue to invest capital in the company. Finally, its equity has remained fairly consistent over the last several reporting periods.

Statement of Funds

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