Great Hymn to the Aten Essay

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Hymn to Aten

In Ancient Egypt the king Akhenaten completely altered the lifestyles of all his subjects by demanding that they give their singular devotion to the sun god Aten. Before him, Egyptians had a different system of beliefs with many gods whereas Atenism held that Aten was the central god. Egypt had been a polytheistic society wherein each god had a specified set of abilities and limitations to their powers. Each person chose a god to whom they would dedicate themselves and to which they would give most of their devotion. The god was the choice of the individual, a choice which was no longer available when the pantheon of gods deteriorated to a single all-powerful deity. All Egyptian peoples were forced to embrace the new religion and with it forgo the traditions and customs of their ancestors. The changing religion was only one of the aspects of the Egypt under Akhenaten's reign which included political, sociological, and economical alterations in the daily life of Egyptian citizens who were living in Africa during the period of Atenism.

Akhenaten ruled Egypt for a period of seventeen years. During that time he established the new religion and with it imposed a myriad of new rules, both legal and religious which would alter the society as a whole. It is not yet understood exactly why Akhenaten decided upon a new religion for Egypt, but what has been found is that he intended the religion to permeate all aspects of society. Artwork that dates back to the time of Akhenaten's rule shows him closely aligned with the god Aten. He is chosen as leader by that deity and representations frequently depict this relationship.

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This is one of the earliest incidents of what would become known as Divine Right, the belief that the power invested in a human being was one granted to them by god and that it was therefore not only political betrayal to harm the king, but also heresy. To question the king was to question the gods, or god in this instance. One of the reforms was to politically isolate Egypt from other nations. Whereas before, Egypt has been willing to interact internationally and provide aid and comfort to outside nations, Akhenaten was more interested in insular support of the country itself. In addition, Akhenaten was not heavily interested in the activities of his subordinates such as diplomats and military officers and allowed them to amass power and support of their own which, in turn, allowed opposition to build up to Akhenaten's rule. In addition, Akhenaten had the capital of Egypt moved to a site in the middle of the country which he named Akhetaten. This act was but another step in the complete alteration of Egypt's culture from what it had been before Akhenaten took power. Not only was the religion changed, but so too was the center of their country, a physical manifestation of Akhenaten's cultural revolution.

Aten is a strong god who Akhenaten empowered with abilities of an even greater strength, allowing him to transcend his original position and become the single deity of a new monotheistic Egyptian culture. He became a universal deity because of his exaggerated powers. Instead….....

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