Home: Influence on Formal Landscape Research Paper

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Vignola began his career as an architect in Bologna and supported himself by painting and making perspective templates for inlay craftsmen, later traveling to Rome to work and study. His talent and skill was utilized by the papacy, including Pope Julius III and the papal family of the Farnese. He worked with Michelangelo and was deeply influenced by his style.

It is believed that Cardinal Gianfrancesco Gambara commissioned Vignola to design the Villa Lante in 1566. The first casino was completed immediately, but the second one was not finished until after 1587 when the Cardinal passed away. The two casini differ mainly in the style of frescoes. The first casino uses a riotous highlight of color used to highlight the architecture, while the second casino was done in a more classical style of fresco and plaster sculpture combination.

The gardens of the Villa Lante incorporate water features in "a visual and harmonious choreography." (Smyth 1992) the mechanical perfection of the water flow is thought to be the work of Tommaso Ghinucci, a hydraulics engineer and architect from Siena. This is the principal reason for the Villa Lante's infamy and influence - Ghinucci's expertise resulted in a design that ensured "water lives and flows through the gardens to this day." (Smyth 1992)

While the principle designer has never been formally established, it is unquestionable that the Villa Lante had an impact upon Mannerism and the water features of this time period.

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The tiered terraces of the garden were copied throughout Italy into the 17th century, and the water feature called the cantena d'acqua - chain of water - used to supply water to the pools and fountains is seen in a number of other 16th century gardens. Vignola and Ghinucci came together in a way that would not have been possible in any other time to formulate the style of the Villa Lante's gardens. They were inspired by the spirit of the period, which was to imitate their predecessors in a way that improved upon their ideas instead of studying and reformulating nature directly, and to use art as a way to comment on social behavior and convey secular ideas. The Villa Lante is decidedly a remarkable illustration of all of these ideals......

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