Management - Motivation and Behavior Term Paper

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Finally, the third category of needs is given by power - or the individuals who wish to have control; they have a small interest in what other people think of them and only desire their obedience.

E: Example: An individual driven by affiliation needs will not make major decisions on his own, but will always consult with his loved ones to get their opinion and approval. A power driven individual on the other hand will make those decisions on his own mostly because he can and this once again assures him of his power.

Skinner's Reinforcement Theory

T: Topic sentence: Skinner's theory identifies four types of responses that could be implemented by a higher power relative to the behavior of a subaltern.

E: Explain what that is: The first possible response would be a positive reinforcement which encourages the individual to continue; the second is negative reinforcement which encourages the individual to carry on with the positive actions when threatened with a possible negative outcome; punishment is the third possible response and it tends to discourage the negative behavior; the fourth response is extinction, which attempts to entirely eliminate the negative aspects of someone's behavior (Barnet, 2006)

E: Example: Positive reinforcement could be given to a child when he gets an a in school.

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Punishment could be given to an employee who fails to complete his tasks in a given time and as a consequence, his monthly pay check will be 10% lower the according month.

Motivation and behavior theories are a useful toll in today's society but can only be meaningful as long as they have an actual practical application and can be used to explain and drive certain forces acting within the individual.

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