Masters Linda's Assumptions Contributed to Case Study

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This will allow the company to build share in large projects, phasing out small projects gradually as prices are increased. If the point comes where the company is faced with resource constraints and therefore needs to choose between mutually exclusive projects, it should focus on the larger of these projects because of the direct correlation between project size and profitability.

4. In preparing the projection of income, some assumptions should be made. The first is with respect to the number of projects undertaken. The company should assume some growth, based on historic organic growth in large projects and it should also assume that its new focus will result in some growth. A no-growth scenario (i.e. worst case) should also be examined to provide some sensitivity analysis to the discussion.

The second major assumption that should be utilized is that the company will be able to reduce overhead and staffing costs. Under the scenario provided, salaries were to remain unchanged, but a more realistic scenario is that salaries would be reduced in line with the revenue. The unrealistic scenario of $800,000 salaries with no growth will be included, but so will a more realistic no-growth scenario that features a corresponding reduction in salaries as redundant staff are laid off. Why refuse business if you are not going to take advantage of the cost benefits of doing so?

Income Projection Statement

Base Case

Reduced Salaries

Increased Revenue*

Total Net Sales

1,300,000

1,300,000

1,950,000

Salaries

800,000

400,000

600,000

Gross Profit

500,000

900,000

1,350,000

Gross Margin

38.46%

69.23%

69.23%

Overhead

327,857

327,857

491,785

Operating Profit

172,143

572,143

858,215

Operating Margin

13.24%

44.01%

44.01%

As this projection shows, when salaries are not reduced, the company's operating margin (net margin in Linda's projections, which do not account for income tax) is 13.24%. In 2006, the firm's operating margin was 600,000 / 2,800,000 = 21.4%. Thus, the firm would be less profitable.

This illustrates the silliness of proposing that the salaries would not be reduced under a scenario where the company would reject over half of its previous clients.

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When you cut your business in half, you must reduce your costs accordingly. If Natalie and Carlos have no intention of reducing salaries, they should not turn away the small customers. The resulting inefficiency associated with having twice the staff they need would result in a decreased operating margin. The only way for Survey Masters to improve its operating margin if it rejects small projects would be to reduce its salary structure. The degree to which this should be done will reflect the company's optimism with respect to generating new business from its strategy of focusing strictly on large surveys. In two years, the company went from zero to 20 large surveys, an average of 10 per year. Thus, the increased revenue scenario is based conservatively on doing that again, bringing the business to 30 large surveys per year. To accommodate this growth, some of the redundant staff will be retained, such that the reduction is only one of 25% of salaries, rather than 50%. Unless the number of large surveys is expected to double, Survey Masters should not retain its full staff.

The other way to maintain full staffing levels is to still accept some small projects, but only from those customers that are willing to pay more for them. If prices for smaller projects are increased by 30%, and demand declines 70%, the income projection would be as follows:

Increase price on small projects; lower demand

Total Net Sales - Large

1,300,000

Total Net Sales - Small

585,000

Salaries

800,000

Gross Profit

1,085,000

Gross Margin

83.46%

Overhead - Large

327,857

Overhead - Small

321,643

Operating Profit

435,500

Operating Margin

23.10%

As this income projection indicates, such as strategy would result in significantly higher gross margin than any other strategy. However, the inefficiencies associated with maintaining any small projects would eat up a large portion of the added revenue. Operating margins are therefore lower than for the other.....

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