Measurement? Nominal Ordinal Interval/Ratio Experimental the Researchers Essay

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measurement?

Nominal

Ordinal

Interval/ratio

Experimental

The researchers analyzed the data as though it were at the interval/ratio level since they calculated means (the measure of central tendency that is appropriate only for interval/ratio level data) and standard deviations (the measure of dispersion for interval/ratio data) to describe their study variables.

What was the mean posttest empowerment score for the control group?

Mean = 97.12.

Compare the mean baseline and posttest depression scores of the experimental group. Was this an expected finding? Provide a rationale for your answer.

The experimental group subjects scored lower on the depression posttest (mean = 13.36 vs. The baseline score of mean = 14.00), meaning that they were less depressed after the completion of the empowerment program. This was an expected

finding, because the researchers hypothesized that the empowerment program would be beneficial to ESRD patients and result in a decrease in their depression scores. However,

the difference in the depression baseline and posttest means for the experimental group was only 0.64, which is less than what might have been expected.

4. Compare the mean baseline and posttest depression scores of the control group.

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Do these scores strengthen or weaken the validity of the research results? Provide a rationale for your answer.

Answer: The mean baseline and posttest depression scores of the control group were identical. Both means equaled 10.40, which indicates that there was no change in the level of depression of the control group subjects from baseline to posttest. This result strengthens the validity of the study findings, indicating that the empowerment program resulted in a decrease in the depression scores for the experimental group.

5. Which group's test scores had the least amount of variability or dispersion? Provide a rationale for your answer.

Answer: The experimental group's empowerment posttest scores had the smallest amount of dispersion or variability, as indicated by the smallest SD of 7.28.

6. Did the empowerment variable or self-care self-efficacy variable demonstrate the greatest amount of dispersion? Provide a rationale for your answer.

Answer: The experimental group's baseline self-care self-efficacy scores had the greatest dispersion as evidenced by the largest SD of 14.88.

7. The mean ( X ) is a measure of ____ ____ of a distribution.....

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