Meat Intake and the Development Article Review

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Then other confounding variables were also introduced and eliminated systematically in order to identify where the true effects occurred. These confounders included body mass index, smoking, physical activity level, educational status, family history of coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and any medications that participants may have been taking (Kontogianni et al., 2008).

In general the experimental group consumed greater amounts of meat than their control counterparts. The investigators utilized multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between meat consumption and ACS and found that increasing meat intake by one portion per month increased the likelihood of the development of ACS by 56%. This was particularly evident when the meat consumed was red or processed increasing the risk by more than two fold (Kontogianni et al., 2008). While the consumption of white meat was also correlated to increased incidence of ACS, this risk was only 37% greater. When controlling for consumption of various food groups or alcoholic beverages, no significant differences were observed between the experiment and control groups.

The findings of the present study were similar to that of several other studies that drew the connection between diet and heart disease. In particular this study revealed that meat consumers were more likely to be younger, male smokers with a lifestyle of physical inactivity (Kontogianni et al., 2008).

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These factors placed them at increased risk for the development of medical conditions and diseases. Participants with a family history of coronary heart disease were also found to be more likely to develop this illness. Findings indicate that meat consumption is linked to the development of coronary heart disease, however, the investigators also found that those individuals who ate meat may have a dietary and lifestyle pattern that is unhealthy in many ways and that it is a combination of these factors that impacts the development of heart disease (Kontogianni et al., 2008).

The investigators point to some potential limitations of this case control study such as selection and recall bias. They attempted to control for this through the use of objective criteria for the experiment and control groups, however, the potential for group misassignment still exists (Kontogianni et al., 2008). There is also the risk of the impact of confounding factors on the results. The researchers attempted to control for many of these confounding factors through the use of controls as well as systematic analyzation. Yet there is still the possibility that some of these factors have been overlooked......

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