Memory in the Late 1960s, Research Paper

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One factor that can enhance information flow in memory is whether or not we are paying attention to stimuli around us. If we are paying attention to our environment, we are much more likely to remember distinct things occurring. Distractions can greatly impede information flow. These factors have to do with the step of acquiring information. Another factor that can impede memory would be an error in the way we think of something. This is more about the step to do with storage. if, for example, one is incorrect in thinking about something a certain way, then when trying to retrieve the information -- it is not there (because it was thought about incorrectly). This can become both an error in the storage and the retrieval steps.

Proactive interference happens when a person can't learn something new because there is something old that has been learned and is getting in the way. Older memories get in the way of newer memories. Retroactive interference happens when something old is forgotten because a person learns something new. Newer memories get in the way of older memories (McLeod 2008).

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Counteracting proactive and retroactive effects can be tricky, but it can be done. One can avoid studying similar things at the same time in order to counteract confusion. Timing in learning things can make the difference in remembering something or not. it'll be easier for something to transfer into the long-term memory if it's being learned independent from something already learned.

Forgetting happens because the short-term memory can only hold information for a brief amount of time. One must rehearse the information in order for it to stick and for it to be able to be transferred to the long-term memory. According to the Trace Decay Theory of Forgetting, it isn't the events between learning and remembering something that have an effect on remembering, but it's the amount of time that the person has retained information in the first place (McLeod 2008). This means that if we want to remember something, it is important that we rehearse it so that it stays in the short-term memory so that recollection will be possible......

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