Merchant of Venice Essay

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Merchant of Venice

In William Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, the playwright uses certain symbolic items to illustrate points about human characteristics. Shakespeare's plays are usually full of symbols which feature in to the major themes of the piece. In The Merchant of Venice, much of the plot consists of the desire for wealth and riches and the things that people are willing to do to acquire more. To mirror this them, the most important symbols of the play are those that have to deal with wealthy and riches, such as Portia's ring, Shylock's gold, and the pound of flesh that is to be taken in lieu of money. The Oxford English Dictionary defines casket as both a coffin and a small case or chest, used for jewels and other valuables. The caskets in The Merchant of Venice are jeweled boxes with treasure, although since they represent the failure of two or Portia's suitors, they also represent a kind of death. The casket scene in which Portia's suitors are asked to choose one of three boxes in order to determine if they are worthy of her hand are also indicative of the power of money in this play, but also serves to show that many things are actually much more valuable than money.

All the men of The Merchant of Venice, are concerned with wealth and material gain. The story begins when money is lent to a young man who wishes to travel to pursue the woman he loves. Having no money himself and no credit, he relies on the value of his friend to borrow money from the usurer Shylock.
Their friendship is then equaled to money. Antonio uses his credit to give money to his friend, thereby leading to the later conflict and climax of the play. All interactions center on monetary exchange and the possibility of material gain. Even the romances of the story are forced to deal with the question of value and the equation of woman with the money she can bring into the union. In the casket scene, Portia's now-deceased father has set up a system to determine which man will marry his daughter. There are three tombs that the suitors may choose from; one of gold, one of silver, and one of lead. Two men of wealth and station come for Portia's hand and each, invariably, chooses the wrong casket. Each man chooses the casket that he finds most visually pleasing, equating the value of the woman with the value of the material that makes up the box.

In making the quest to win Portia, each suitor must forfeit something. If he chooses incorrectly, the man is forbidden to ever marry. His monetary fortune becomes tied to his matrimonial fortune. Besides the appearance of the caskets themselves, the suitors are given clues about the boxes. The gold casket reads: "Who chooseth me shall gain what many men desire. The silver reads: "Who chooseth me shall get as much as he deserves. The third casket, made of lead, reads: "Who chooseth me must give and hazard all." In making the choice to come for Portia, each man has to forfeit something. The two failed suitors that the….....

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