Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Term Paper

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When this takes place the cause is believed to be a vasculature that is abnormally remodeled and that develops incorrectly in utero, generally in response to pulmonary hypertension, hypoxia, or prolonged fetal stress. In these cases peripheral and excessive muscularization of many of the pulmonary arterioles is often seen. PPHN has also been commonly associated with hypoplasia of the lungs, which is seen generally in congenital diaphragmatic hernias. The underlying causes of this are quite different structurally and generally functional differences are also seen. These differences are generally witnessed in response to the inhalation of nitric oxide or other vasodilators. Learning more about the biological alterations that take place with PPHN is very important in expanding the options that are available to newborns therapeutically (neonatal.peds.washington.edu, 2000).

As for treatment for PPHN, there are several different treatments that are available and that are seen in clinical consensus and relevant literature from the medical field.

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Depending on the situation that each individual newborn, some variation of the treatment may be necessary. When PPHN is suspected, there is often an echocardiographic examination done to rule out any type of cardiac defect that might be causing the problem and to confirm the PPHN diagnosis. Examining a newborn in this way also provides a lot of detail regarding the cardiac contractile function and the volume status. The newborn may also be placed on a breathing machine for ventilation support. This is designed to give them oxygenation and adequate ventilation. Often, these infants are very upset and will not breathe in rhythm with the ventilator's support, so many of them are sedated and paralyzed until they begin to recover. If infants are treated correctly and properly they will generally suffer no ill effects later in life (www.emedicine.com,2004).

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