Personality Testing and Its Main Aspects

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Psychodynamic Theories

Theorists

Main tenets of theory

Unique contributions

Freud

Conscious, pre-conscious,

Sub-conscious

Id, Ego, Superego; sexual energy as the basis or motive of human action

Applicable in child psychology, less so in adult psychology

Jung

Archetypes: anima/animus, shadow, self

Psychic energy, not sexual energy, is the basis of human action; the collective unconscious

Psychology descends into pseudo-philosophy

Adler

Survival and security are guiding forces of life

Individual psychology; the organism acts as a whole, there is no division

Time and amount of data needed about patient's background family in order to treat

Horney

Psychoanalytic social theory -- people battle anxiety by moving toward, against or away from others

Neurotics rely typically on one of these methods primarily; provided extensive analysis of neurotic behavior

Applications do not typically apply to the normal personality

Defense Mechanisms

Match the example with the appropriate defense mechanism.

ABC/123 Version X

1

Week 4 Review Worksheet

PSY/203 Version 3

1

1.

Copyright © XXXX by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2015 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

2. __G___A woman is involved in a car accident that left her paralyzed from the waist down, but she cannot remember any details of the accident.

3. __H___Taking a test makes me nervous, so I bite my nails.

4. _A___My boss yelled at me at work today and it made me very upset. I went home and ended up yelling at my spouse that night.

5. _F___Even though I drink alcohol every day, I am not an alcoholic.

6. __C___I hate Alex, but I am overly nice and friendly when interacting with him at work.

7. __B___I broke up with my boyfriend, but I am fine with it because he was a loser anyway.

8. _E___I am convinced that my husband is cheating on me, even though I am the one who frequently thinks about cheating on him.

9. ___I am very frustrated at work and just want to scream, but instead I go to the gym and work out my frustration on the treadmill.

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A. Displacement

B. Rationalization

C. Repression

D. Sublimation

E. Projection

F. Denial

G. Regression

H. Reaction Formation

Psychosexual Stages of Development

Fill in the appropriate psychosexual stage for the following descriptions.

1. The genital___ stage focuses on mature sexual relationships.

2. A 3rd grader still sucks their thumb. They may have a (n) __oral___ fixation.

3. An adult who exhibits a lack of self-discipline and messiness may have struggled with toilet training. This person may have experienced difficulty in the ___anal___ stage.

4. A child tends to prefer the parent of the opposite sex and views the same-sex parent as a threat. This conflict occurs in the ___phallic___ stage

5. Children tend to focus on peer relationships with same-sex friends and other nonsexual activities. This behavior occurs in the ___latent___ stage.

Stress and Coping

Consider the following scenario:

You have unexpectedly lost your job due to layoffs at your company. You are the sole provider of income for your family. You are worried about how you will pay your bills and support your family during this time.

Write 150 to 200 words describing how stress can affect you physically and mentally, and which coping strategies you may use to work through this situation.

Stress can cause people to break away from others or to act against others, while moving them towards other people, as Horney suggests. It can cause people to shut down physically or to break down mentally, as Adler points out. The coping strategies I would use to work through this situation would stem from Adlerian theory and would consist of recognizing that a position change has occurred in my life and that a new orientation or goal is needed to work me towards a more positive situation in life. I would try to embrace this positive outlook, which would be one where….....

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