Prejudice, Behaviorism and Effective Combative Peer-Reviewed Journal

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However, Crisp and Turner are quick to note that imagined contact is of course not meant to be a substitute for real contact, but more of a springboard towards building more cohesive race relations in a noticeably effective manner. "Encouraging people to mentally simulate a positive intergroup encounter leads to improved out-group attitudes and reduced stereotyping. It curtails intergroup anxiety and extends the attribution of perceivers' positive traits to others" (Crisp & Turner, 2009). Crisp and Turner spend a copious amount of time during the paper explaining how simply the act of imagining and how it can have a tremendous impact on people's perceptions and actions. For example, in a study they cite by Garcia and colleagues on the bystander effect, some participants were told to imagine they had just had dinner with 10 people. Others were told to imagine they just had dinner with one other person.

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Those who were told to imagine the former, were less likely to help the examiner if he asked for help in an additional study, a clear example of how just imagining lots of people around one can produce a scenario much like the bystander effect (Crisp & Turner, 2009). Thus, using imagined and simulated social interactions can also be a tool for combating racist thoughts and behavior.

These quantitative studies demonstrate the importance of using traditional and non-traditional educational approaches in combating racist thoughts and actions. Many of the techniques work foremost to combat racist thoughts as thoughts often inform behavior. Some of the strategies were standard instructional-type methods to develop knowledge, awareness and empathy towards other races; other strategies (like the one described above) were more innovative, but all had a high level of success......

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