Productivity of Oil and Gas Term Paper

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In such cases, production does not even cover operating costs. Yet, even hydraulic fracturing cannot help increase the overall productivity of wells in the form of these shales. In such cases, the best way to increase efficiency is to actually drill horizontal wells. After this has been done, hydraulic fracturing can be conducted at multiple points over a period of time within the structure of the horizontal well. There are thus a number of benefits from drilling horizontal wells. First, horizontal wells increase the actual contact length "between the wellbore and formation" which will help increase the ability to use hydraulic fracturing to implement more efficient well measures (Daneshy 8). With horizontal wells, the ability to fracture at multiple locations makes for a greater contact area, thus increasing the overall efficiency of the well itself. Fracturing can even take place within cased and cemented horizontal wells. The well must be perforated to a point closest to its "toe" and fracture to make it more efficient. Before opening up another fracture in the horizontal well, it is important to set a bridge plug between the two fracture points.

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This will help isolate the previous fracture. This needs to be conducted as many times as desired in terms of the number of fractures needed.

Next, the presentation moves to discussing the use of open hole fracturing as to increase overall well productivity. In this case, port opening balls are used to open up fractures within a well structure. A sliding sleeve pushes the balls into the open hole packers creating fracture ports ranging from 2.5" to 1.5." Once the balls are finished, there are rings on them which indicate the placement of the ball seating.

The future of the oil and gas industry is the closing section of this presentation. It once again discusses the high costs of well operations and maintenance, illustrating how more rapid operations are less costly and therefore more efficient in increasing profit potential. Moreover, the less equipment used also helps reduce costs. Keeping costs low increases the overall production capability of each well. Efficiency is bound to increase as more innovation comes to design more productive technologies to work with......

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