Protecting Adolescents from Harm Article Review

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Proverbs 22:6 - Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it. By following God's word we can raise children who avoid evil and serve God faithfully.

Protecting Adolescents from Harm: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health

Relevance to Child or Adolescence: This article deals with several protective and risk factors of a child's life such as school, family, and individual levels, as they pertain to four domains of adolescent morbidity and health. The four domains are: violence, substance use, sexuality, and emotional health. The purpose of the study is to identify main threats in the health of adolescents and the connection between the types of risk behavior they elect to perform. Few research shows how their social context forms such behaviors.

Major Finding: The cross-sectional analysis of the information derived from the interview data led to several findings. From the eight areas assessed: suicidal thought and actions, emotional distress, use of three substances, including two kinds of sexual behaviors, independent variables were also included and measured like school context, family context, and individual characteristics. From the results, the major finding was: "Parent-family connectedness and perceived school connectedness were protective against every health risk behavior measure except history of pregnancy. Conversely, ease of access to guns at home was associated with suicidality" (Resnick, 1997, pp. 823). Parents and school involved in a child or adolescent's life leads to a sense of stability for a child and a less likely occurrence of attempting one of the risk behaviors. The other findings also suggested that any substances in the house, like alcohol or cigarettes, would increase the child or adolescent's chances of substance use. Furthermore, if the participants appeared mature for their age, they were more likely to engage in sexual activity.

Impact of Finding: The impact of the finding weighs heavily on the idea that "it takes a village to raise a child" due to the evidence suggesting involvement plays a positive role in the upbringing of a child. Parents, school, even friends, all play a role whether they present or not in how a child forms. If there is active involvement in a child's life from his/her parents and school, they are less likely to perform deviant or risk behaviors. They remain stable and more likely to become well-adjusted adults who contribute to society.

Integration of Biblical Principle: Proverbs 22:6 discusses how to train children to live in society. It's important to understand exactly how a child interacts and grows up in the world in order to help shape their lives for the better. Children and adolescents must be trained in life in order to understand how to live later on. Without proper guidance, the four domains discussed in the article may lead to deviant behavior such as sexual promiscuity, depression, substance abuse, and violent outbursts.

Proverbs 25:16- If you have found honey, eat only enough for you, lest you have your fill of it and vomit it.

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among U.S. Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 1999-2002

Relevance to Child or Adolescence: Children and adolescents in America and around the world are becoming obese at alarming rates. Food has become tainted by pesticides, antibiotics, and artificial hormones. When these foods are ingested, they cause children to sexually mature faster and undergo the process of growing up overweight and unhealthy. Obesity has become an epidemic and it is important to research information providing evidence for this expanding issue.

Major Finding: This article shows data covering two decades of obese children, adolescents, and adults. The data explains that although there were no major changes within the adult group in terms of prevalence of obesity or being overweight. The overall number of overweight people increased with children aged 6-19 experiencing near overweight levels within 31.5% vs. The previous 29.9%. The major finding shows obesity becomes more prevalent with gender, racial/ethnic groups, and income levels. "The NHANES results indicate continuing disparities by sex and between racial/ethnic groups in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. The high levels of overweight among children and obesity among adults remain a major public health concern" (Hedley, 2004, pp. 2847).

Impact of Finding: Obesity and obesity related diseases are of big concern to most countries like the U.S., Mexico, and the UK who are experiencing the insurance burden of caring for ill and obese patients. Chronic diseases like Diabetes type I and II along with heart disease keep people in pain and lead to early deaths and high medical bills.

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If the government and the public do not control obesity and the issues surrounding it, the percentages of obese to healthy weight children will increase and so will adult percentages as already 2/3 of America is overweight. Health is sacred and important in how people interact with the world and with each other. If the health of the public becomes endangered, so will society.

Integration of Biblical Principle: The proverbs rings true. Eating too much leads to many problems. Metaphorically throwing up the honey could mean many things. People eating too much could lead to too much spending on other things like entertainment and medical bills. If people learn moderation, then they will reach a point of satisfaction not just with their stomachs, but with themselves. Using to cope with stress of negative emotions instead of just simply eating when hungry makes people forget what they really are, human.

Deuteronomy 31:8- The LORD himself goes before you and will be with you; he will never leave you nor forsake you. Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged."

Fluoxetine, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, and Their Combination for Adolescents with Depression Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) Randomized Controlled Trial

Relevance to Child or Adolescence: Adolescents suffer from depression and other mental illnesses. They sometimes need intervention and medication. Mental illness is a serious disease with teens experiencing major depressive disorder and bouts of suicidal thoughts and tendencies. It is important to research and find ways to treat this kind of disease to prevent unnecessary struggles within the adolescent population.

Major Finding: "The combination of fluoxetine with CBT offered the most favorable tradeoff between benefit and risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder" (Glass, 2005, pp. 145). Finding effective treatment for such a common disease such as Major depressive disorder provides relief for thousands who experience MDD. Suicidal behavior is a prevalent effect of MDD and depression in general. If these diseases are not treated effectively, they can carry onto adulthood having long-lasting effects. Treatments such as the one listed in the article offer the public an answer to a difficult problem.

Impact of Finding: The impact of this finding suggests the importance of cognitive behavioral therapy or CBT. CBT has long been seen as a means of dealing with mental health issues. However it doesn't have incredible results. Combining CBT with a medication proves to be an effective combination achieving better results than separate treatments.

Integration of Biblical Principle: The quote from Deuteronomy helps to show that although the darkness of depression seems inescapable, it is not impossible to overcome. Regardless of how alone one may feel, and this especially rings true for adolescents, it's not the case. There is always someone there who cares, even if that someone is the self. It is important to not give up hope amidst troubling times and be open to new methods and approaches to help better one's self.

2 Samuel 23:4 - He dawns on them like the morning light, like the sun shining forth on a cloudless morning, like rain that makes grass to sprout from the earth.

Prevention of Rickets and Vitamin D Deficiency in Infants, Children, and Adolescents

Relevance to Child or Adolescence: Vitamin D is often overlooked in a lot of daily health regimens for children. Growing up children may experience health problems including depression. Research suggest vitamin D may play role in the mental and physical health of a child. That is why research on the impact of vitamin D deficiency may shed light on the current problem and concern.

Major Finding: Rickets and vitamin D intake may play a role in the overall health of an infant. Rickets usually comes from insufficient intake of vitamin D when the child is an infant all the way to adulthood. The article suggest giving vitamin D supplements to babies and continuing onto adulthood because the growing number of vitamin D deficiencies in the U.S. And around the world.

Because there are limited natural dietary sources of vitamin D and adequate sunshine exposure for the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D is not easily determined for a given individual and may increase the risk of skin cancer, the recommendations to ensure adequate vitamin D status have been revised to include all infants, including those who are exclusively breastfed and older children and adolescents (Wagner, 2008, pp. 1142-1152).

The information also suggests vitamin D plays an important role in preventing cancer and diabetes along….....

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