Pursuit of Education in a Wide Variety Term Paper

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pursuit of education in a wide variety of area. Two areas of educational pursuit apply to the criminal justice and security management fields. Criminal justice can best be described as ensuring that criminal acts do not go unpunished while the perpetrators of these acts receive the quickest, most efficient and fairest scrutiny of the crimes and are judged accordingly.

In determining what is criminal justice and how does society determine exactly how to administer it, oftentimes research is used to help guide decisions, form policies, and present standards to society. The research will often use different methodologies to determine in which manner to apply justice. These methodologies include quantitative, qualitative, action, and mixed research as the primary sources of analysis.

Qualitative research can be used to help determine perceptions, thoughts and ideals, while action research takes place after certain actions are implemented. Mixed research is used when a variety of methodologies provides the most sensible approach. Quantitative research methodology is used when the researcher wants to present facts and figures using numerals, data that can be charted, counting and percentages.

A recent study provides a good example of quantitative research in use, the study was searching for comparisons of incarceration incidences in different countries. What the study determined was that "the United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world and a more punitive approach to criminal justice" (Kugler, Funk, Braun, Gollwitzer, Kay, Darley, 2013, p. 1071).

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Using the facts and figures of the study, helped the researchers in this specific study to understand how many more (as a percentage) criminals Americans incarcerate on average compared to other cultures and countries.

This is a good example of gaining knowledge through the understanding of numbers and how they compare. Another recent study that employed quantitative research to some degree within the study assisted the researcher in gaining an understanding of who is most likely to commit certain types of crimes. The study showed that "understanding specialization in crime implies the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the justice system through various measures targeting different groups of offenders (e.g. using selective detention and targeted treatment)" (Tumminello, Edling, Lijeros, Mantegna, Sarnecki, 2013, p. 1).

The Tumminello et al. study showed that there is specialization within crimes based upon the fact that women and men are more inclined to commit different types of crimes. The study provided data to the researchers that allowed them to "detect structural patterns in criminal behavior at the collective level that are not emergent at the individual level" (Tumminello et al., p. 1). In other words, the researchers were able to….....

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