Quantitative Design of the Article Research Paper

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The quantitative design of the research study conducted by Allen, Holland and Reynolds (2015) as depicted in their article “The Effect of Bullying on Burnout in Nurses: The Moderating Role of Psychological Detachment” in the Journal of Advanced Nursing is based on a cross-sectional design method in which data was collected using survey questionnaires filled out by the participants. The data was self-reported and anonymously completed by 762 Australian RNs in 2011. The design of the study was oriented towards identifying the “relationship between bullying and burnout” among nurses (Allen et al., 2015, p. 381). The study also sought to assess the effect that nurse detachment might have in terms of serving as a buffer between bullying and burnout. The study developed two hypotheses for testing, using measures that were validated using “existing, published scales, which had previously demonstrated good levels of validity and reliability” (p. 385). Hierarchical regression was performed using SPSS software for both hypotheses, once all the data was accumulated from the questionnaires, which was scored using the Likert-scale.

The strengths of this design are that surveys can allow researchers to obtain data in relatively uniform and easy manner. As Auty, Farrington & Coid (2015) point out, “self-report surveys are among the most widely used methods of collecting data” among quantitative researchers (p. 563). Because this method is so widespread, it is a recognized accepted practice, as it gives researchers access to information that can be quantified and tested using analysis tools like SPSS and the regression method of analysis.

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The Likert-scale is a practical means of scoring responses to allow for statistical analysis. So this combination of research design, methods of data collection and data analysis make this type of quantitative study especially strong. In other words, this design can enable the researcher to measure the variables it intends to measure.

The limitations of this design are that self-reported data can lead to underreporting, which can give researchers a false impression of the actual reality of a situation (Gemming, Jiang, Swinburn, Utter & Mhurchu, 2014). A better design would be to conduct a randomized controlled trial in which participants were selected at random so that a more accurate representation of the reality of the situation could be obtained. Randomized controlled trials are the highest level of evidence that research studies can obtain. However, for many studies, the randomized controlled trial is simply not feasible….....

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