Febuxostat Azathioprine Drug Interaction Analysis Term Paper

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Drug Interaction Scenario


Drug interactions involve pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics interactions. Pharmacokinetics occurs when a drug interacts with another drug at the level of absorption, metabolism, or even excretion. A clinical application applies the effective and safe management of drugs therapeutically. The relationship between drug concentrations and how they respond pharmacologically has helped in applying pharmacokinetic principles in situations of actual patients. On the other hand, pharmacodynamics gives the relationship between the concentration of drugs at the site of action and the effects like the intensity of therapeutic, time course, and the adverse effects. The binding of drugs with the receptors determines the influence of drugs at the site of action. In most drugs, the intensity of the impact of the drugs is determined by the concentration at the receptor site.
In this assignment, the drug interaction scenario is between Febuxostat and Azathioprine since each drug interaction pair will have a scenario associated with it. The drug interaction to be managed is that of a patient taking Febuxostat due to a recent gout flare-up and Azathioprine due to a liver transplant that happened two years ago. The patient has a record of immunosuppressive agents that have repeatedly failed, but the condition is now stable (Gerriets & Jialal, 2021). The mechanism of action of Febuxostat is that it is used to manage chronic hyperuricemia in adults who suffer from gout and those who have an intolerance to allopurinol. It does this since it is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. The therapeutic effect of this drug is achieved by lowering the uric acid of serum. This is the febuxostat primary mechanism action evidenced by reduced purine synthesis.
The pharmacokinetic profile of febuxostat is a xanthine oxidoreductase developed to help treat gout. After multiple-dose administration of febuxostat, the pharmacokinetic parameters include about 85% of oral availability. It also consists of an oral clearance of 10.5 ± 3.4 L/h and a distribution volume at a steady state of 48 ± 23 L. its administration is once daily. There is no significant accumulation of this drug (Gerriets & Jialal, 2021). For those patients with gouts, this drug has little data on the pharmacokinetics of febuxostat on these patients.

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This drug is metabolized extensively by oxidation which is 35%, and through acyl glucuronidation, up to approximately 40%. The concentration reductions percentages of serum urate are less in patients with gout since multiple doses reduce it by 80%.

Mechanism of Action of Febuxostat


On the other hand,…

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…high levels. However, since other immunosuppressive agents have failed for this patient, the two can be used. Hence, the dosage level of Azathioprine should be reduced to a certain recommendable level to avoid effects to the patient’s body that may be adverse therefore causing further damage to the tissues due to effects like inflammatory disorders.
In a present evaluation, the revealed outcomes concluded an increase in adverse events incidence. These adverse events increased due to an increase in liver function impairment (Jordan & Gresser, 2018). The probability of this occurrence is due t the side effects of this patient in the case scenario having an impairment of the living function that is pre-existing. It applies primarily due to the hypersensitive reactions generally. According to the findings, for such a patient with impaired liver function due to a transplant, the febuxostat dosage should not exceed 80mg of daily dosage. The dosage should remain consistent according to the current information provided by febuxostat. This is the recommended dose for treating gout for a patient suffering from a liver transplant.
In conclusion, drug interactions entail pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics kind of interactions. The case scenario provided in this assignment involves a pair of two drugs, Azathioprine, and febuxostat, which are not recommended to be used together. However, since the two cannot be used….....

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