Pattern of inductive reasoning is as follows: Theory ?Tentative Hypothesis ?Pattern ?Observation. While inductive approach is concerned with the open-ended explanatory, deductive reasoning chooses a narrow perspective by testing or confirming the hy Continue Reading...
Moral decisions in business are best served by adhering to the ethical code of rule ultilitarianism. Rule utilitarianism provides a workable code for businesses, especially in the wake of the Enron and WorldCom financial scandals. By adopting rule ut Continue Reading...
From all facts and appearances, those Enron executives gave lip service to ethics, then went on their own way, making as much profit as they could while the company teetered on collapse. One final example from Enron's "Code of Ethics" is titled "Tw Continue Reading...
One of the most significant disadvantages, and potentially dangerous aspects, to outsourcing is the transfer of sensitive data, according to Klosek. Auditing outsourcers may subcontract their services, unless it is specifically stated in the contr Continue Reading...
and, most internal auditors are still reporting to the CEO or chief financial officers -- the very people who were responsible for most of the past enormous scandals. Therefore, the affectivity of internal audits in correcting the original problems Continue Reading...
People's confidence was put in question for such an important matter. It showed common people, who are not connected to everyday financial news the way in which money can be made through illicit means under the rules and regulations of the state and Continue Reading...
, 2005; Biddle et al., 2009). Companies with more accurate financial reporting and greater control over reporting activities tend to perform better and demonstrate greater cohesion in their operations, as well, and also tend to lean towards more cons Continue Reading...
Ethical Dilemmas & Marketing Ethical Dilemmas Ethical dilemmas in international marketing Background of Marketing Ethics Ethical Issues in Marketing Modern Debate in Stakeholder Theory Ethical Theories Teleological Theories Virtue Ethics Continue Reading...
5 million annually to comply with the law. The increases in spending (resulting in less spending in marketing and administration) for many energy companies will be in "security, grid reliability, and wholesale market operations" (Gartner, 2004). The Continue Reading...
Business Ethics and Its Importance How is the notion of business ethics important for management, work and organisations? Business ethics is a form of professional ethics guiding the moral conducts of business organizations. Business ethics applies Continue Reading...
studied appeared a business accounting publications. A partial list publications article selected: The Accounting Review, Barrons, Wall Street Journal, Business Week, Fortune, Barrons, and Wall Street Journal. GAAP article review: Crovitz, Gordon Continue Reading...
audit committee characteristics affect firm performance in Saudi Arabia? What are audit committees? Many studies have been carried out to demonstrate the manner in which audit committees reports affect the overall performance of companies in Saudi Continue Reading...
Nature of Leadership What are some guidelines for exercising authority? Reward Power? Coercive Power? As a result of the various financial scandals over the last decade, like Enron, Tyco, and WorldCom, leadership authority is under scrutiny. Gaini Continue Reading...
Chief Judge Posner of the U.S. Seventh Circuit stated in 1999, (Quote) "If the taxpayer is accompanied to the audit by a lawyer who is there to deal with issues of statutory interpretation or case law that the revenue agent may have raised in conne Continue Reading...
Financial Analysis Over the past decade, increasing attention has been paid to the issue of corporate governance. As a result of multiple major scandals, new laws have been passed and the role of the SEC has been expanded. Sarbanes-Oxley introduced Continue Reading...
roles of forensic accountants in preventing and detecting fraud within a business community. The paper highlights the requisites and basic responsibilities of a forensic accountant. The paper also makes references on the special cases where forensic Continue Reading...
corporate ethical breaches in recent times, assess whether or not you believe that the current business and regulatory environment is more conducive to ethical behavior. Provide support for your answer. Unethical behavior has drawn the attention of Continue Reading...
2009). Engle (2009) also notes that the costs of compliance in both monetary and human terms are greatly reduced by a willingness to embrace the regulation as a tool rather than shunning it as a "necessary evil." Though stating the obvious, he says Continue Reading...
Business Law When most people think of securities fraud and corporate misconduct, they will often associate Enron to these ideas. This is because it went from being the tenth largest company in America to one the biggest bankruptcies in U.S. history Continue Reading...
However, they have also changed the face of the accounting profession in a way that will affect the education and conduct of accountants in the future. In the future, the accountant will have to do more than to balance the books. In order to underst Continue Reading...
Corporate Crime Through History And Its Place in Corporate America Today Corporate crimes have taken center stage in our thoughts, imaginations and most importantly on the front pages of our newspapers. Of course, with the recent incarceration of Ma Continue Reading...
Sarbanes-Oxley. The political pressure of the past several years following the dot.com bubble and the collapse of several major companies created a need for new securities legislation, which culminated last year in the Sarbanes-Oxley Investor Protec Continue Reading...
NASDAQ v AMEX NASDAQ is a U.S. electronic stock exchange that began trading in February 1971. At that time, it was the world's first electronic stock market. It is now the largest U.S. electronic stock market as it lists the most companies (approxim Continue Reading...
Labeling white collar crime is a mystery. A shared misapprehension of white collar crime is that, like pornography, it is hard to describe, however a lot of people would recognize it when they understood it. The only thing concerning white collar cr Continue Reading...
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 administration as also a majority of other western administration witnessed the collapse of corporate giants like Enron & Worldcom in the aftermath of noticeably fraudulent executive actions of these companies. This l Continue Reading...
But these bills were not received and paid for several months since these costs were incurred, while accounting principles required that the company made such payment estimations that were supposed to be matched by the revenues in the income stateme Continue Reading...
Additionally, Weston Smith's wife Susan Jones-Smith, was also a finance executive at the company, a further example of the incestuous relationships that characterized the financial leadership of HealthSouth. A failure of the company meant the failur Continue Reading...
Capitalism does force us sometimes to make decisions in a context narrower than we need in order to make them morally, socially, environmentally (Rolston, 1988, p. 324). Rolston points to several cases of corporate myopia that was changed as custom Continue Reading...
And the ability to know when to sell shares made the executives careless in their management, as they would know when they could "cut their losses." Critics of insider trading laws would contend that the problem with Enron and WorldCom was insuffic Continue Reading...
Such accounting is accounting from a purely realistic and numerical perspective, having nothing to do with what those numbers would signify in the context of life within the larger society. All accountants must swear by a strict code of ethics, yet Continue Reading...
However, when a shock happens that changes that pattern, the information is no longer relevant. In periods of turmoil, only the most up-to-date information is relevant. The usefulness of the information wanes quickly as the behavior of the company b Continue Reading...
Hastie Group Governance Failure Hastie Group Corporate Governance Hastie Governance Failure The downfall of the Hastie Group reads much like the other major corporate failures around the world including Enron and MCI Worldcom in the United States. Continue Reading...
He is serving a twenty-five-year sentence for his conviction. The reason Ebbers was found guilty of criminal fraud, despite being in a business, is because his actions met the above referenced elements of fraud. For example, his filing of false sta Continue Reading...
cross examine the accounting fraud scandal that took place at Xerox, the main intention of this analysis is to know the causes and the effects of the scandal as well as the need of a good practice in business ethics, corporate management and the gen Continue Reading...
Dishonesty in either could result in disaster for companies. Communication is the element that unites everything else. Employers should encourage employees to communicate either grievances or suggestions. This opportunity will result not only in bet Continue Reading...
Enron Leadership Enron collapsed very quickly in November 2001, and its failure should have been a warning to serious dysfunctions in the entire corporate and financial system, but this did not happen. Its executives admitted that they had falsified Continue Reading...
Improper Data Analysis Led to the Fall of Enron The downfall of the Enron Corporation in 2001 had far reaching effects that are still felt to this day. Employees, shareholders, auditors, executives, the public and many other stakeholders are still Continue Reading...
First of all, they should implement a better control of the executives' actions by limiting their rights and access to corporate funds. No major decision regarding future mergers, acquisitions or investments should be taken by a single executive. Al Continue Reading...
