Psychotherapy Theories and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy The cognitive behavioral and person-centered approaches regarding counseling and psychotherapy come from a much different developmental history and theoretical underpinnings. Cogni Continue Reading...
, 2002). It is now widely believed that vulnerability to bad behavior is conditional and depends on genetic susceptibility (Kendler, 2001; Rutter & Silberg 2001; in Caspi et al., 2002). This theory was tested by Caspi et al. (2001) when they att Continue Reading...
The idea behind constructivism is that the learner is building an internal representation of knowledge, a personal interpretation of experience. This representation is constantly open to change, its structure and linkages forming the foundation to Continue Reading...
These three seminal perspectives may possess a lot of similarities, yet each of them has contributed novel ideas that are consistent with its theoretical underpinnings. In many of the substance abuse treatment arenas, the significant aspects of all Continue Reading...
Modification is done then with simple facial and sound changes. Preoperational: (begins about the time the child starts to talk to about age 7) In the Preoperational stage (again preconventional) the child is learning the symbolism and processes u Continue Reading...
This developmental theory provides one possible explanation for why Pelzer continued to defend and protect his mother for so long, and felt such a duty to do so; as the object of his repressed desires and his attempts to exhibit protective and mascu Continue Reading...
Bruner's Three Modes Of Cognitive Representation Jerome Bruner's Educational Theory firm believer of cognitive development of the thinking process, Jerome Bruner have revolutionarized the theory of cognitive development through his various theories. Continue Reading...
Firstly, there is exposure to a model, which however does not necessarily facilitate learning. This is followed by knowledge of the model's behavior and the results of that behavior and finally the acceptance or rejection of the model by the individ Continue Reading...
The Vygotsky influence has recently had an impact in a university environment in New Zealand. Indeed, the application of the ZPD model in New Zealand moved well beyond just another theory for "old school" teachers to bravely tackle, and has actuall Continue Reading...
Russian psychologist Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory, with Input and Interaction Theory. Beginning with a definition of both theories the paper will then note how the two theories differ and where they are similar in their approach as well as how th Continue Reading...
Attitude Including Cognitive Dissonance and Other Factors Cognitive dissonance and situational constraints: Effects on attitude Cognitive dissonance is defined as "the feeling of uncomfortable tension which comes from holding two conflicting thoug Continue Reading...
It includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics (Grammar, n.d.). Pragmatics is the study of the ability of natural language speakers to communicate more than that which is explicitly stated; Continue Reading...
This idea of guidance is important; children need the framework and support to expand their ZPD. Since the ZPD defines the skills and abilities that children are in the process of developing, there is also a range of development that we might call a Continue Reading...
It may even be impossible to retroactively identify every influence on the development of personality. However, contemporary psychologists already understand the general patterns in which major areas of psychological influence exert themselves on th Continue Reading...
Nutrition and Cognitive Learning Among Elementary School Students -- a Proposal Many elementary school children are at-risk for poor nutrition. While many children do have good nutritional habits because their families lack money to buy sufficient Continue Reading...
Another important aspect of observational learning is retention. For effective classroom management to take place it is important the students understand and retain the few classroom management rules that will be set out in the beginning of the yea Continue Reading...
Moral Development The purpose of the Thomspon (2012) article is to review literature on moral development and propose a new theoretical framework of life-span moral development. The development of moral conscience; the patterns of social cognition; Continue Reading...
Cognition and Personality Development Cognition is the process of human thought and this development of cognition typically enables the decision-making outcomes of an adolescent. Adolescence itself is a "period of transition that involves biological Continue Reading...
The message from this simple analysis is clear: people interpret reality in different way ways. In Bandura's view, internal reinforcement is a potent force for enhancing or bolstering the mental states of individuals. Hence a feeling of pride, satis Continue Reading...
Dr. Frank Pajares, writing in Reading and Writing Quarterly (Pajares 2003), points out that in his view of Bandura's social learning theory, individuals are believed to possess "self-beliefs that enable them to exercise a measure of control over th Continue Reading...
Religion and Education Religious development in children and adults alike have been research areas that have historically been of interest to those involved in the developmental psychology arenas such as theorists of religious development, religious Continue Reading...
..attachment theory....human babies, notoriously helpless creatures that they are, need mother love or something much like it in order to thrive and develop emotionally and cognitively" (27). This statement is applied in the context of Bowlby's thesi Continue Reading...
Post-Partum Issues -- Effects on Child Development A peer-reviewed article in the journal Child Psychiatry and Human Development points out in the Abstract that there is a strong association between "maternal psychological distress and infant outcom Continue Reading...
health care strategies and skills for Zoe to improve in her decision-making, communication, introspection, and problem-solving. The strategies will focus on using and developing various ground rules for health care discussions. The interventions wil Continue Reading...
Human Being, Development and Change l. What does being human mean: internally, relationally and in a wider social contest? There are many different viewpoints on what it means to be human, but most boil down to the struggle between right and wrong Continue Reading...
Human development refers to the psychological and biological growth of a human being throughout life. It starts from infancy all the way to adulthood. The scientific study of the development of a human being, psychologically, is referred to as Develo Continue Reading...
To ensure that the constructivist approach functions optimally, teachers must therefore ensure that the interactional and social situation within each group is managed effectively as well. Young (2003) notes that another challenge facing teachers a Continue Reading...
Learning: Concepts and Theories What makes us human? Many would say it is our opposing thumb, but others would posit the fact that we are intelligent thinkers. Our ability to learn from the world around us is what separates us from many of the other Continue Reading...
Carl Rogers' Theory of Personality Compared to Those of Erik Erikson? Over the past century or so, a number of psychological theorists have provided new ways of understanding human development over the lifespan, including Carl Rogers, Erik Erikson Continue Reading...
Instead, it can provide an important springboard for future investigation in order to better understand the communication paradigms and expectations of cultures other than those in the United States. This, in turn, can lead to further nonverbal theo Continue Reading...
One student comments at the end of the video that the most difficult part of the experiment was setting it up, and that the project mostly proceeded by trial and error. Although trial and error is an important mode of learning, it should not necessa Continue Reading...
The role of language was less visible in Skinner, other than as one, among many reinforcement tools. Vygotsky stressed language acquisition as a vital, constant, but again, not always predictable and sequential part of different individual's learnin Continue Reading...
To use personal and later, cultural schemas in their most fruitful ways, the crayon and the magic market cannot be abandoned in favor of clicking a mouse, nor can arts education be relegated to second-class status, especially young children. Art tea Continue Reading...
Philosophy and Theories Children have a need to be loved and feel self-worth (The Glasser Approach, 2010). Relationships between teachers and students are important to build self-management, self-efficacy, motivation, and engagement in students for Continue Reading...
Health Care Theory The Modeling and Role Modeling Theory was developed by Helen Erickson, Evelyn M. Tomlin, and Mary Anne P. Swain. It was first published in 1983 in their book Modeling and Role Modeling: A Theory and Paradigm for Nursing. This theo Continue Reading...
Developmental Psychology Erickson's stages of psychological development as cited in Crain (2011) have garnered much scholarly discourse as they outline the many phases individuals go through as they mature from birth to old age. In Erickson's view, Continue Reading...
personal theories about change and therapy as part of developing a personal therapeutic approach and process. The exploration begins with examining personal beliefs regarding health, normalcy, and change. The author also includes a discussion about Continue Reading...
Mind and Human Behavior Define and discuss a particular theory of consciousness Consciousness can be best grasped in context as a facet of an interactive wakeful state wherein most cognitive processing occurs non-consciously. However, on combining Continue Reading...
Customized Theory of Human Learning and Development The learning environment is characterized by the use of different theories and beliefs on what makes it the best and how people grow and develop. However, theories used by many education professiona Continue Reading...
theoretical views that according to Vygotsky have attempted to explain the relation between development and learning. Why does Vygotsky consider these unsatisfactory for explaining this relation? Vygotsky challenges perspectives such as that of Pia Continue Reading...
