Enron was a Texas based, low profile, gas pipeline Company that progressed from delivering energy to brokering energy futures. Exploiting de-regulation, it pioneered an innovative mark- to- market pricing strategy and started selling electricity in 1 Continue Reading...
Zhang was employed as a qualified accountant in a small accounting practice. Following an investigation, the disciplinary committee of the professional body to which Sam belonged found that he provided misleading sets of financial statements at the Continue Reading...
IFRS 8 Operating Segments was to a certain degree a ground-breaking law since it represented the first foray of the International Accounting Standards Board into the area of requiring companies and business to disclose information through their manag Continue Reading...
GAAP Newsletter Dear Managers: In the 21st century, particularly after a combination of the Global Recession and issues surrounding companies like Enron and Arthur Anderson, there has been a new paradigm about accounting in the media, for stakehold Continue Reading...
Balance Sheet Items Off-Balance Sheet Items This paper examines off-balance sheet items and their treatment in financial systems analysis. Balance sheets consist of information about a company's assets, liabilities, and owner's equity. Off-balance Continue Reading...
Microsoft Identify and explain the main sections of the annual report. The annual report has a number of different sections that are designed to explain the fiscal state of the firm. The most notable include: the business description, discussion &a Continue Reading...
Lehman Brothers Case Study The author of this report is asked to answer to several case study questions related to the collapse of Lehman Brothers and what led up to it. The first question asks about Lehman Brothers' Repo 105 policy and what, if any Continue Reading...
Revenue recognition is significant because it not only defines to the leaders of the company that the product sold is doing well in its markets but also that the price on the product is comparable to the competition - shown through the return of high Continue Reading...
Government Accounting Office in America (GAO) This is an examination of the Government Accounting Office in America. The writer discusses the history, purpose and background of the GAO as well as the duties that the office is charged with performing Continue Reading...
Legislation and standards affecting IT auditing The Audit Quality Forum was established with the primary purpose of reinforcing confidence in financial reporting. Statutory auditing promotes confidence because auditors are likely to give external an Continue Reading...
Profession of Auditing Evaluation of the Profession: The profession of accounting has undergone vast changes over the years, and the traditional accountant concerned himself or herself only with recording the financial transactions of individuals, Continue Reading...
SFAS 116 and 117 This report summarizes SFAS 116 which deals with contributions made and received, and SFAS 117 which deals with financial statement format. Compliance with the two standards is mandatory for years ending December 31, 1995 and going Continue Reading...
The authors also point out that in the hierarchy of the GASB statements, interpretations, technical bulletins and the role of consensus approvals of GASB also need to be seen as the development of future Implementation Guide recommendations for futu Continue Reading...
(the Company) to the Loan Agreement with Western Financial Services (the Lender). For the purpose of providing you with this letter, other than as set out herein, we have carried out the audit and review of the Company's financial information Repor Continue Reading...
Enron Case Study Enron was a company that started out small, but through some ethically unsound decisions, grew to control a large percentage of the energy market in America. In order to expand financially, Enron's executives skirted the law, creati Continue Reading...
While it can be argued that auditors bear a degree of responsibility to evaluate management practices, Cousteau clearly took the view that on the whole the financial statements did accurately reflect the firm's circumstances; that the fraud did not Continue Reading...
SEC ICTV The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has a large responsibility for ensuring that the country's vital economic needs are protected. The purpose of this essay is to discuss a real world and practical application of the SEC's involvem Continue Reading...
New PCAOB Reporting Requirements A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE NEW PCAOB REPORTING A Practical Guide to the New PCAOB Reporting Requirements PCAOB is a Public Company Accounting Oversight Board established by Sarbanes-Oxley Act to oversee the auditin Continue Reading...
It is unknown what the company intends to do with the money as well. That is important information, because the investor is making an investment in the company's well-being. In summary, I would not make this investment; it is unwise. There are myri Continue Reading...
Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted to facilitate in guaranteeing the correctness of financial reporting by the public listed companies. In the stir of millions of dollars of investor's money going down the gutter because of their reposing faith on the fi Continue Reading...
Finance Management (Discussion Questions) Explain the difference between the accrual basis of accounting and the cash basis of accounting. What are the major reasons for accrual accounting? How are revenues defined under accrual accounting? First S Continue Reading...
SOX The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was passed in 2002 as a response to a wave of corporate accounting scandals. To measure the effectiveness of SOX over the past ten years, the objectives of the Act must be understood. The text of the Act states that Continue Reading...
Based on a large sample of firms from different countries after adopting IASB cash flow accounting, firms evidenced "less earnings management, more timely loss recognition and more value relevance of accounting data" than firms without IASB standard Continue Reading...
SEC Internet Exercise - Kmart Corporation The company that I have chosen to research is the Kmart Corporation. They operate in the retail-variety stores sector. Their main headquarters is located in Troy, Michigan with retail outlets primarily situa Continue Reading...
Segmental Information In general, IFRS 8 Operating Segments place a requirement on specific classes of entities (particularly those entities that have publicly traded securities) to disclose information concerning their respective operating segments Continue Reading...
GAAP vs. IFRS As globalization begins to hit full stride, new rules and customs must be addressed with older and more established practices. The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) represents a global perspective on the accounting rul Continue Reading...
The attention on cases of impairment has generally been reduced, but this is expected to increase with the more emphasis placed on financial analysis and audits, a need generated by the contemporaneous economic crisis (Wayman, 2009). As an addition Continue Reading...
As pointed out by Bill Travis (2004), I'm not going to argue that the concept of improving financial reporting and auditing isn't valuable, because it is. The question, however, is at what point in time do the costs and the hours exceed the value? Continue Reading...
Enron Identify one of the examples of financial reporting misconduct associated with the Enron scandal In the wake of the stratospheric success and subsequent fall of Enron, many were compelled to ask: how could this be possible, namely how could a Continue Reading...
Auditing function has undergone several transformations from the periods when it was simply a function of giving opinion but also to an error where auditors are looked upon to offer advisory roles. The auditors should therefore advice the government Continue Reading...
party transactions reported on by Arthur Andersen & Co. Related party transactions are essential transactions between closely related parties or individuals. Although not blatantly wrong in isolation, they can be particularly harmful if the pra Continue Reading...
Since the ABC method is more apt to associate the correct costs to the processes that utilize them then it allows for more accurate billing to the clients. For example, an x-ray process can be broken down into four primary cost drivers, administrati Continue Reading...
Preparers, auditors, and users of financial statements must encourage and support compliance with the substance and form of the international standards; (3) the adoption and implementation of the international standards require action at both the na Continue Reading...
Audit Quality and Agency Cost Since the advent of industrialization, there has been the presence of a bond between the people who invest and the people who manage those investments, forming a vital relationship amongst the two groups. Although with Continue Reading...
The impact of these changes will be far-reaching. Those engaged in the financial sector will feel that greatest impact. However, the impact of these changes will be felt by everyone, including the American public. They will feel the changes by great Continue Reading...
The first three organizations in line to recuperate their funds were Citigroup, J.P. Morgan and General Electric Group. They had been offering financial solutions and encouragement to purchase the WorldCom stock based on a favorable business relatio Continue Reading...
Introduction Agency theory is a theory explicating the relationship between the shareholders, who act as the principals, and the managers, who act as the agents. Within this relationship, the principal either employs or delegates an agent to carry ou Continue Reading...
Accountants Responsibility Introduction to Accountant Responsibility Essentially, accountants have a responsibility a number of parties, with the major parties in this case being the government, clients and third parties. In today's capitalist soci Continue Reading...
Again, this is prepared to verify that all of the debits and credits equal. Once this has been completed, the next step would be to prepare the financial statements. Information from the adjusted trial balance is used to prepare an income statement Continue Reading...
