Seeking the Ramifications in Cognitive Theory Research Paper

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Criminology

Application of Schools of Criminal Thought

Within the classical school of thought (rational choice framework from economics), the charges against the perpetrator would be considered both logical and effective. Under classical thought, criminology holds that punishment is an effective deterrent to crime, and that punishment should be rationally aligned with the severity of the crime. The positivist school of thought (functionalist or biological, psychological, and sociological framework) would consider the crime and the punishment against a background of social and genetic influence. Within positivist criminology, the offender is viewed as having a flawed personality and character, brought about by significant deprivations during impressionable years, and that may at least be ameliorated through integrated therapies and treatment. The neo-classical school of thought (empiricism framework) considers crime -- and makes and implements policy -- through a rationalist, scientific, and evidence-based lens.

Theoretical Criminology Frameworks

Social bonding theory. Social bonding theory stems from observations of individuals who did not experience adequate parenting as children.

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Inadequate protective nurturing left some soldiers deprived of critical information about the social transactions in which they are expected to engage. Using this frame to consider the vignette would entail consideration of psychological development and associated therapies as a means for changing the self-imaging that leads to the commission of crimes as social normal engagement.

Learning theory. Social learning theory is built on the assumption that criminal behavior, as with many other types of behavior, is learned within a social context and is facilitated through modeling and observational learning.

Labeling theory. Labeling theory has sociological origins and is perhaps best known in society by its use of a deviancy framework. The greater the deviancy from social norms and psychological contracts, the more definitive and descriptive the label, which has direct implications for self-identity and iterative socially-constructed identities associated with the accrual of social benefits and the imposition of social constraints.

Rational choice theory. The rational choice theory….....

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