Sociology and Religion Sociological Study Term Paper

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The emphasis on social stability, as seen in many institutions' suspicion regarding social change, can lead to the perpetuation of social inequality. In some instances, there is even a stronger link between religion and power structures.

The caste system in India privileges the rights of the priestly class. However, political leaders in India have also formed strong ties with the Brahmin class. These ties serve to "legitimize" the power in the political government.

Evaluating conflict theory

Conflict theory provides several important insights regarding the conservative role that religion has played in society. McGuire and Collins' study provide specific cases that uphold Marx's original premise. These studies show how conflict thinking still remains relevant, even until today.

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However, the emphasis on the conservative and status quo orientation of religion also glosses over religion's liberating potential. Theologians like Gustavo Gutierrez, a priest who served in a Peruvian slum in the 1960s, argued that ministering to spiritual needs was not enough, and that the church should take a more active role in politics. Since then, the movement has grown into a larger mass movement in Latin America. Because of the importance religion occupies in many Latin American societies, the politicized words of a priest have a much stronger effect. Examples such as these show that religion can serve dual and even opposite functions in society.

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