Solid Waste Management Essay

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A huge and continuous problem for local authorities in the rural and urban regions across the globe is public solid waste management (SWM). This problem is more pronounced in the developing countries. From the available data, it is clear that despite the low per-capita income in the developing countries in relation to that of the developed nations, they generate a very high proportion of the public solid waste recorded globally despite their relatively small ownership of the world's wealth. However, taking this problem in its stride, this situation in the developing countries needs to be taken more seriously as it could cause even bigger problems later on with the economic development and rapid urban development several of them are experiencing (Wang, He, Kim, & Kamata, 2001).



The mechanism in use in these developing nations which involves the gathering, processing and dumping of public solid waste hasn't really proved to be very effective. Its major setbacks include; poor and limited collection services, indecent and exposed collection and incineration of waste without proper mitigation on water and air pollution, the control of scavengers and unauthorized waste pickers and the associated development of flies and other dirty creatures (Bartone, 1995).



A major identified reason why the SWM mechanisms in developing nations haven't proved effective is the problem of finances.

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Due to the low importance placed on SWM by the governments, with the exception of large cities and country capitals, inadequate funds are released to the SWM authorities. This is a very common occurrence in the smaller towns and the rural regions, as the local taxation processes in these areas are very inefficient and thus the motivation of governments to fund public services such as SWM in these areas is quite low (Wang, He, Kim, & Kamata, 2001).



b) Theoretical concerns



Extended producer responsibility -- The Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a mechanism whose aim is to endorse the addition of all necessary costs of a product all through its useful life as well as its disposal costs to the selling price of the concerned product (Girly, 2015).



Polluter pays principle - the Polluter Pays Principle is a law which states that the polluter/polluting group is financially responsible for whatever damage they cause on the environment. Bringing it down to the sector of waste management, what this means is that any party which generates waste must be financially prepared to ensure their wastes are properly disposed (Johannes, 2006).



The Talloires Declaration….....

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Bibliography

American Public Works Association (APWA) Report. (2008). Available online: http://www.apwa.net/ Resources/Reporter/Articles/2008/3/ISO-14001-Environmental-Management-Systems-a-snapshot-of-the-experience-of-solid-waste-organizations

Bartone, C.R. (1995). The role of the private sector in developing countries: Keys to success. Paper presented at ISWA Conference on Waste Management - Role of the Private Sector, Singapore, 24-25 September 1995.

Girly, A. (2015). SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES: A PROPOSED BLUEPRINT TOWARDS GOVERNMENT ACTION. European Scientific Journal.

Johannes, P. (2006). Solid Waste Management Program (SWMP). Project.

Thyberg, K., & Tonjes, D. (2015). A Management Framework for Municipal Solid Waste Systems and Its Application to Food Waste Prevention. Systems, 133-151.

Wang, H., He, J., Kim, Y., & Kamata, T. (2001). Municipal Solid Waste Management in Small Towns. The World Bank.
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