Spearman and Gardner Intelligence Spearman's Model of Term Paper

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Spearman and Gardner Intelligence

Spearman's Model of Intelligence and Gardner's Multiple Intelligences theories have both played important roles in modern understanding of intelligence. At the same time, the theories are fundamentally very different. Spearman's model is based on an understanding of intelligence as a single, measurable variable 'g'. In contrast, Gardner sees intelligence as an amalgamation of as many as eight different forms of intelligence. Gardner's model allows for a more fluid understanding of intelligence that takes into consideration cultural differences, while Spearman's model is more rigid and innate.

The study of intelligence is notoriously difficult. In many ways, intelligence is an abstract concept that is composed of a number of different components. It is an internal, mental process that is not truly based in a concrete, objective reality. As such, Spearman and Gardner's attempts at understanding intelligence are both ultimately limited by the very nature of intelligence itself.

Spearman's Model of Intelligence has been widely accepted and played an important role in shaping modern thought on intelligence.

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Charles Spearman first formulated his theories on general intelligence in 1904. In his seminal work, he argued that there was a common element that acted as the basis of all other intelligences. This general intelligence is referred to as 'g', while more specific intelligences are described as 's'. In Spearman's two-factor analysis, individuals use 'g' in order to deal with different problems.

Spearman's theory has its roots in the observation that certain individual school children tend to score well in a variety of different subjects, including French, mathematics, and the classics. Thus, he began to consider that a single intelligence governed human intellect, allowing for the similarity in scores across a wide variety of subjects.

Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences disagrees with Spearman's assertion that basic intelligence is a single factor that can be measured through intelligence tests. In contrast, Gardner argues that intelligence is an actually….....

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