Teaching Approach in Learning and Teaching With Technology Term Paper

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Cognitive Approach to Teaching with Technology

Throughout the history of the study of education and educational philosophies, many different approaches have been employed. The educational theories developed by John Dewy, Lev Vygotsky, Jerome Bruner, and Jean Piaget have culminated to create an approach that is known today as the Cognitive Approach to learning. This particular approach proposes that learning takes place in what is referred to as "the zone of proximal development." It is within this zone that a teacher explores what the child needs assistance with and what he does not. Ideally, the teacher provides a challenge which is slightly harder than the preceding challenge, thus creating a "intellectual scaffolding" which the student will use to climb through their developmental phases.

Generally this approach employs real life problem solving, cooperative groups, and projects which require solutions instead of those which focus on instructional sequences. The cognitive approach feels as if it matters to students that might be apathetic to other forms of teaching. It is because of this that instructional technology has blossomed in this particular field.

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In the old days, instructional technology referred to stereos, televisions, and overheads. Certainly these are still an element of instructional technology, but the best educational technology is still relatively new. Computers, CDs, the internet, email, and other interactive technologies have revolutionized what was once thought of as educational technology over the last ten years.

One relatively new theory in the cognitive approach studies is the idea of the cognitive apprenticeship. The theory behind this is that students will learn better from "learning-through-guided-experience." Apprenticeship methodology is applied to cognitive skills. In other words students learn from the modeling of an expert at work, they are coached in their own work, they must articulate their problem solving, they must reflect on their work, and lastly they must explore problem solving on their own.

Technology is an excellent tool in this type of teaching. Imagine a student studying political science that may be able to talk to a senator or congressmen via email on….....

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