Technology Related to Literacy Instruction Term Paper

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Technology Grant / Literacy

iPads for Literacy Instruction in Grade 2

Young children live and participate in a world that is filled with a wide range of technologies. Development of technology moves at a rapid pace and now, more than ever, technology has become easier to use, more powerful, and available at lower costs. Technology is an "unremarkable feature" in children's lives (Parette, Quesenberry, and Blum, 2010.) It is the intent of the second grade team to procure iPads for students to enhance teaching of literacy skills.

Maple Avenue School is located in southern New Hampshire. The town has a population of approximately 2,700 people. It is a working-class town with limited employment opportunities. Most people commute to neighboring towns to work at the area hospital, one of two factories or small businesses. An old mill building was recently converted into low-income housing, which has brought an influx of families with young children, including school-aged children, to the community. Maple Avenue School has 397 students, 68% of whom participate in the free/reduced lunch program. The school population is predominantly white, with under five percent of the population comprised of African-American, Hispanic, and Asian children. Many students come from single-parent households and a few are residing with other family members (e.g., grandparents). Two families, with a total of seven children, live in a local homeless shelter.

Maple Avenue School failed to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) standards for two years in a row. The students are considered at-risk. Based on models identified in the current literature, the school plans to spend $10,000 to purchase iPads and applications (apps) for the second grade as a response to the achievement gap. Educators believe the technology will help identify struggling readers faster, use time previously spent calculating and reviewing reading assessments to work with students ("iPads help…, 2012). Because teachers will be able to conduct more assessments in less time, they will be better able to use assessment results to inform instruction.

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Implementation of iPad technology will offer students another learning tool and help meet state standards for technology use.

The current literacy program includes leveled readers, daily phonics work with the Wilson Fundations program, the Fry sight word list, and the 6 Traits writing program. Students are assigned a reading level in the fall based on the results of an initial running record as well as scores and recommendations from the first grade teacher. Students are informally assessed on a rotating basis when the teacher listens to students read aloud. Students are allowed to progress to the next level when the teacher believes students are fluent; it is the philosophy of the second grade team to work towards mastery rather than struggle at the next level. The Fundations program provides the structure for a half-hour, whole class phonics lesson. The program combines various activities including reading aloud, word games, and listening and dictation activities. Sight words are taught five words at a time. Each teacher has a word wall, to which sight words are added each week. Every day, the teachers incorporate a sight word activity for at least ten minutes to give students practice reading the words. Each classroom teacher conducts writing activities in his/her own way but uses the structure of the 6 Traits program to ensure all students have instruction and practice in the elements of good writing.

Teachers assess sight words and complete running records in September, January and May. Students who receive special education services or Title I instruction are assessed more often, but these assessments are conducted by others, not the classroom teacher, and information is not always shared in a timely manner.

The $10,000 requested would be spent as follows:

20 iPads @ $399.00 [iPad 2, wi-fi, 16GB] = 7,980

20 Big Grips* frame for iPad 2 @ $34.95 = 699

Apps:

Team Budget = $1,000 1,000

3.....

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