Total the Problem of the Book Report

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272). There were great changes taking place during that period in history, and not all of those changes had to do specifically with science. Some of them stemmed from science in other ways, and were encouraged to develop because they had a better framework during that time.

Philosophy during that time also had a "momentous transfer of allegiance from religion to science" (Tarnas, 1993; p. 272). That deeply affected how people felt about themselves and their world, and it changed the way many of them thought. Those who embraced science did so willingly, and those who embraced religion were also afforded that right. In other words, whether a person focused on science or religion, that person had a choice. Things were no longer all about the Church, and what the Church had always taught people. During that time in history, many people were afraid of the Church and thought that God was an angry, vengeful being. There were many rules to be followed, and life could be tricky for those who did not conform. When science became another "religion" of sorts, people were able to see two (or even more) sides to the story of life.

That gave people the freedom to choose what they felt best about. This benefited the Church just as much as the scientific community. At the time the Church may not have realized that it would see a benefit, because it was likely much more focused on how the addition of science was changing what people believed. However, ultimately the Church kept the people who thought it through, saw the other options, and decided that God was still the right answer. The people who did not feel that way were able to make their choice - and they chose science. That left the Church with fewer members, but with (generally) only true believers instead of some believers and some people who were there out of a sense of duty or obligation to the Church or society.

Tarnas (1993) addresses much more than the Church in his work, however. He also discusses the people who were at the heart of the Scientific Revolution and how much they impacted the world during their lifetimes. Francis Bacon, for example, focused on "a new era in which natural science would bring man a material redemption to accompany his spiritual progress toward the Christian millennium" (Tarnas, 1993; p. 272). This was the type of philosophy that many of the thinkers of the day held. Even as they delved deeper into the scientific realm, they looked for ways in which they could relate that science back to something spiritual.

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Over time, it seemed as though spirituality and religion were not the same thing, because philosophy started moving into the issue, as well. People were learning that they could become interested in science and that they could still be spiritual, philosophical, and even religious at the same time. This opened new doors, and was one of the most important issues where the Scientific Revolution was concerned. Before that time, there was a very all-or-nothing style of religiousness that was no longer present as a pervasive, societal idea once the revolution began in earnest.

Were it not for Plato and his Pythagorean ideals, the Scientific Revolution may never have taken place. During the revolution, the science that was created and discovered was addressed with the idea that "the language of the physical world was one of number" (Tarnas, 1993; p. 292). Scientists today still believe that with quantum physics and other discoveries that have been made. Science has always been about numbers to some degree, and religion was tied to it so strongly that numbers were related to it, as well. The Scientific Revolution worked to separate the Church from science in some ways, and tie it more closely together in others. Much of the revolution was related to enlightening people about their world, whatever that meant to them, personally.

Plato and his Pythagorean ideals might have started the entire issue, but the Scientific Revolution "would culminate two thousand years later" (Tarnas, 1993; p. 48). In other words, it took a very long time for people to get from Plato to Kepler and Copernicus. But they did get there, and then they kept going from that point to where science is today. Not everyone agrees that there was an actual Scientific Revolution during the 17th and 18th centuries, of course. Some people state that there were significant events but nothing that would qualify as an actual revolution. However, the world certainly changed during that time. Religion became less prominent and science became more important. Some people chose sides, some mixed both together, and people generally felt as though they had a choice in what they did, which was vital to their happiness and their desire to continue pushing forward to see what else they could discover about their world......

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