U.S. Trade Balance & Exchange Term Paper

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4 trillion to about $5 trillion dollars at the end of 2008 to support a rise in U.S. net external debt from $3.3 trillion to $7.4 trillion. (Ibid. 6) Continued financing of the U.S. trade deficits by the rest of the world is also not without its long-term problems: the U.S. would accumulate so much debt over time that the ultimate cost of adjustment would become too high for the U.S. economy. Hence, all indicators regarding the sustainability of the U.S. trade deficit are blinking red, despite the brave face that the Bush administration puts on the issue.

Is China the Source of the Deficit Problem?

The U.S. administration believes that the alleged under-valuation of the Chinese Yuan is the source of its deficit problems since there is a huge and growing trade imbalance between the U.S. exports and imports to China. The U.S. Senate recently passed a bill, threatening to slap a 27.5% tariff on Chinese imports if China does not revalue its currency within 180 days. ("Yuan Revaluation no help..." 2005) Most independent analysts as well as Chinese officials disagree with the contention that a revaluation of the Chinese currency would solve the U.S. deficit problem. China accounts for only 10% of the United State's total trade, so if there were a 10% revaluation of the Yuan, it would reduce the dollar's value by just 1%. ("Cock-a-Doodle Doo" 2005)

Possible Solutions to the Trade Deficit Problem fall in the value of the dollar is not enough for reducing the U.S. trade deficit sufficiently.

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The American government needs to borrow less by reducing its budget deficit and household savings in the U.S., which are among the lowest in the world, need to improve. The best way out according to most analysts is a gradual reduction in the U.S. trade deficit to sustain the U.S. And global growth rates. Roubini and Setser, in a recent paper, estimate that a measured reduction of the trade deficit by 0.5% annually would eliminate the deficit by 2015. (p. 6)

Conclusion general rule of economics holds that a persistent trade deficit results in depreciation in a country's currency. The U.S. has shown a persistent and rising trade deficit for the last several years, which has now reached alarming proportions. Although the U.S. economy and the dollar have been able to sustain the deficit due to status of the dollar as the sole global reserve currency and the need of export-oriented economies to support the American demand, strains are beginning to show. The dollar is losing value and the U.S. foreign debt is now almost 30% of its GDP. These are alarming signals for the U.S. And the world economies. Clearly, it is time to reverse the trend of the fast rising trade deficit by the adoption of appropriate policies......

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