Zuni Solstice Term Paper

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solstice ceremonies of are a vital and traditional part of Zuni culture. The ceremonies occur in both summer and winter solstices, but the most important ceremony occurs during the winter solstice. The ancestors of the Zuni people lived in what is now the southwestern U.S. over 5,000 years ago, and today their decedents continue to celebrate the winter solstice.

The roots of the Zuni culture, and thus the solstice, lie within the Anasazi culture that existed millennia ago in what is today the southwest United States. The Anasazi people, believed to be the ancestors of the Zuni and other Pueblo people simply disappeared 600 years ago, leaving behind their homes and belongings after inhabiting the area for close to 5,000 years (Roberts).

The Zuni New Year begins at the winter solstice. The ceremony called Yatakya-ittiwanna-quin-techikya ("sun middle-at place arrives"), or Tetsina-wittiwa ("winter middle") marks the beginning of these celebrations. The Peqinne, chief of the zenith observes the movements of the sun daily. When the sun coincides with a specific mark on the mountain Tawayalanne, he tells the 'bow chiefs' and the war chiefs who in turn tell the other five high priests, who assemble in the house of the Kyaqimassi, Shiwanni of the north (The Curtis Collection).

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The days leading up to the solstice are marked by a number of activities that include many members of the tribe. Feathered prayer sticks are placed at a shrine on the mountain Tawayalanne for a period of twenty one days. On the twenty-second morning, Peqinne chief of the zenith goes to the mountaintop and announces that the tenth day after that day the sun will arrive at a specific spot on mountain Tawayalanne. At that time, he also announces that the tribe will celebrate the sun's arrival and four day appearance before he head south (The Curtis Collection).

For four days before the solstice, fraternities, individuals, and priesthoods make more prayer sticks. Men of specific clans make an image of the younger war….....

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