Calculate Flow Discharge?..(flood Water) Streamflow: Thesis

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This makes it easier to anticipate likely flood areas and the severity of the flood's impact upon the area.

Multiple data series and frequent measurements are necessary to have a truly scientifically accurate result with predictive powers. "In order to accurately determine streamflow, measurements must be made of its width, depth, and speed (velocity) of the water at many horizontal and vertical points across the stream. To develop a stream-stage/streamflow relation (rating curve), streamflow must be measured at many different stages" and must be recalculated on a regular basis ("How streamflow is measured," USGS, 2008). "Rating curves frequently shift due to changes in the factors that determine the relation between stream stage and streamflow" ("How streamflow is measured," USGS. 2008). These factors include the slope of the stream which affects the water's velocity, the roughness of the channel, the area of the channel at each stream stage, the shifting backwater effects of nearby tributaries, and the natural or man-made acts of filling in or scouring out of the river banks ("How streamflow is measured," USGS, 2008).

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As nature is ever-changing, a streamflow measure can only provide a snapshot of a body of water and its likelihood of flooding at a particular point in time. But although it can be time-consuming to take such frequent measurements, this data can also have a great deal of preventative use as well as provide guidance during an emergency. It can identify poor and optimal locations for building near water areas, as well as target necessary places to create dams, levees, and bridges. Frequently, private as well as public contractors will hire scientists to calculate the streamflow of a nearby body of water before deciding to build a structure in a particular area.

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