Emile Durkheim's Approach to the Term Paper

Total Length: 1631 words ( 5 double-spaced pages)

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Wherever modern capitalism has begun its work of increasing the productivity of human labor by increasing its intensity, it has encountered the immensely stubborn resistance of this leading trait of pre-capitalistic labor" (Weber, 1908).

Even if Marx and Weber were in a state of disagreement over the importance of ideals or material realities in propelling the injustices of capitalism, the idea that ideas could change the world, coupled with Freud's psychological analysis of the inevitability of estrangement from one's original object of affection and Marx's economic analysis has proved attractive to critical theory and its own synthesized critique of capitalism. What unites all three theorists is their generally pessimistic reading of the human being produced by modern life. To exist in society, a person must repress his or her innate sexual impulses and redirect them onto acceptable objects of affection like money.
A person must sublimate his or her desire for control over the means of production to conform to the strictures of a wage economy that denies him or her ownership of either property or the product of his or her labor. The modern, bureaucratic and mechanized society creates an individual who is estranged and eternally unsatisfied psychologically, economically, and socially.

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