Europe the Defeat of the Essay

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EU banks oversee localized financial institutions, and have the legal authority to enact localized changes in order to keep currency balanced. There are also branches of the EU that focus on legal and foreign policy issues, which sometimes blend into the economic realities of globalism.

Thus, Europe at the beginning of the Cold War was divided, economically unsound, politically vulnerable, and had little or no viable infrastructure. At the end of the Cold War, the EU focuses on cooperation, economic growth, and a secondary government that is much more than a simple economic modifier.

Part 3 -- the unification of Italy and Germany was, to some, the precursor to World War II because of the creation of alliances, the build-up of arms, the competition for colonies, and the need for economic and cultural expansion. In Italy, Giuseppe Garibaldi organized Italian partisans in 1848 and again in 1859. By 1861, so much of the Italian peninsula declared loyalty to a Kingdom of Italy, that a sovereign state was created sans Rome, which was still under Papal control. This ended in 1870 by established the state of the Vatican.

Germany faced liberal uprisings after 1815, and by 1848 the King of Prussia, Frederick William IV, sympathized with enough of the revolutionary demands that he promised to grant a Constitution, which happened in 1849. In 1861, though, the new King of Prussia, Wilhelm I, appointed Otto Von Bismarck as his Chief Minister. Bismarck had been one of the only two people in to vote against the Constitution in 1840. Bismarck deliberately tried to provoke a war with Austria and succeeded in 1866. Austria was quickly defeated and Bismarck worked to unite Germany under Prussian control, which happened in 1870 when Prussia and France disagreed on issues dealing with the Spanish succession. France declared war on Prussia in July 1870, and surrender by September 2nd. In 1871 King Wilhelm I was proclaimed King of all Germany, a unified country and a Second Reich.

The results of both unifications were resurgence in militarism, nationalism, economic imperialism, xenophobia, and the need to find scapegoats to blame for economic hardships.

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This would lead to the conflicts in World War I, and then eventually the rise of German Nazism and Italian Fascism, and thus World War II.

Part 4- the map of Europe looked quite different before and after the revolutions of 1848. This year witnessed a series of political upheavals in Europe, which history now tells us was one of the most widespread revolutionary movements in European History. However, the time was just not right for this new thinking, and within a year most of the revolutions collapsed. However, the revolutionary wave began in France, spread to most of Europe and Latin America, and affected over 50 countries with no real coordination or cooperation. The common theme was a widespread dissatisfaction with the political leadership at the time; the people, now more literate and vocal, wanted more participation in government, saw the United States and its principles of democratic government as important to emulate, and focused on the increasing divide between the owners and the workers due to the Industrial Revolution.

The consequences of the revolution we rather slow to mature, but had the effect of convincing some of the governments and revolutionaries (nationalists and liberals) to cooperate for political and social change. This caused the second half of the 19th century to be a Europe that was dominated by a small number of powerful nation-states; and not the ones that had reshaped Europe after Napoleon's defeat and the Congress of Vienna. However, many scholars note that the creation of two new nation states (Italy and Germany), economic and colonial imperialism, the growth of the military machine, and the formation of hostile alliances eventually resulted in the powder key that would become World War I. In addition, one could argue that the revolutions of 1848 directly led to the unification of Germany and Italy; the growth of animosity between Britain and Germany, and the economic climate that would lead to war. As well, exporting of….....

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