Field of Organizational Behavior Essay

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Behavior Management

Scientific management can best be defined as a method for conducting business operations by implementing a scientific approach to a company's business practices. Scientific management is normally associated with the methodology used by manufacturing companies who employed assembly line workers on a large scale. The methodology emphasized the manner in which the employees were employed, especially concentrating on labor, time and measurement of performance of each employee. Early scientific management methods were also implemented in other areas (outside of manufacturing) such as; the railroads. One article states "that scientific management techniques were far more widespread in railroading than has been thought" (Aldrich, 2010, p. 503) and then went on to explain that "while most studies of scientific management in industry have emphasized incentive pay and time studies, in the railroads there were less important than standardization, production scheduling and routing, and assembly line repair methods" (Aldrich, p. 503). The rational standardization of work that is espoused by scientific management allows both the worker and the employer to benefit from its use. The employee can benefit through the incentives provided rewarding good working habits, and the employer can benefit by ensuring that each employee is paid according to the amount of effort put forth; no employee can piggyback on someone else's efforts.

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Scientific management does have some drawbacks however, one drawback could include the fact that employees may see it as a method for determining exactly how much work each employee should be able to accomplish in a certain amount of time. Scientific management also allows for very little flexibility or creativity in the workplace, which could undermine the individual employee who might wish to change the manner in which some work is completed.

The Hawthorne effect on employees is best described as when an employee perceives that the employer cares (whether or not it is true) about the employee, the worker will become much more productive. In the field of organizational behavior such an effect cannot be easily overlooked; if the organization can produce employees who are more efficient and productive just by maintaining a sense of compassion and care, then it would make sense to implement those procedures in the workplace that produce such feelings in the employee(s).

A good example of a bureaucracy is any local, state or even the Federal government. A bureaucracy is usually described as any….....

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