other individual characteristics (e.g. self actualisation and growth needs), group-level characteristics (e.g. group conflict and group cohesion), as well as environmental characteristics (e.g. changes in the organizational environment) that may also influence self leadership behaviour. Future research should provide more knowledge on these aspects. Even so, the longitudinal nature of the research makes it possible for the reader to infer causality, thereby enhancing the study’s internal and external validity. The relatively large sample used also adds to the generalisability of the study.
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The aim of this controlled cross-sectional study was to examine the impact of two sales promotion tools (free gifts and price discounts)… Continue Reading...
construction ranging from religion and class to gender and occupation, can lead to social group cohesion that enhances identity construction for bicultural adolescents.
For Muslims in America, cleaving to their religious heritage and community of origin becomes critical in the face of discrimination (Peek, 2005). Discrimination can, in face become the means by which young adults construct an even firmer foundation as a Muslim in America. When a bicultural identity no longer serves to provide social and psychological sustenance, the individual might find it more fruitful to align with the subculture and adopt a more Muslim identity. The identity development can become oppositional in… Continue Reading...
social relationships in a collectivist culture may be more widespread as individuals tend to value group cohesion. Therefore, culture may affect the value attached to social interactions at the workplace.
Question 2
Though literature reports mixed findings, it is increasingly argued that cultural diversity can be an important driver of organisational performance in today's world. Nonetheless, it is quite unclear whether cultural background predicts individual productivity. Generally, cultural background influences the behaviour, perceptions, values, beliefs, and attitudes of an individual (Torelli et al., 2014). Does this mean that individuals from certain cultures tend to be more productive at the workplace than others? Would an individual… Continue Reading...
self-centered approach to their work, detracting from the group cohesion that is necessary under many military circumstances.
Furthermore, a toxic climate within a unit will also lead to the loss of the top performing service members (Sadulski, 2018). Because of the ways toxic leadership can seriously undermine the goals of military performance, senior officers should do as much as possible to identify and retrain leaders currently exhibiting toxic leadership traits. Toxic leadership a also has a strong bearing on individual physical and psychological health, which also impacts overall unit performance.
One of the key features of toxic leadership… Continue Reading...
