Health Care and Nursing As the Medical Essay

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Health Care and Nursing

As the medical profession gains a greater understanding of the various approaches to healthcare delivery, the concept of segmenting the services proscribed to a patient into primary, secondary, and tertiary care has emerged as one of the most useful advancements in the field. The preventative measures advocated by proponents of primary health care (PHC) are designed to improve a patient's quality of life in such a way as to reduce or eliminate their prospects of becoming ill or injured. Among the fundamental precepts of PHC are the administration of immunizations to guard against viruses and other contagious infections, the development of a nutritious daily diet to improve the body's natural immune defenses, and advisements to refrain from smoking tobacco or drinking alcohol to excess. As it pertains to the nursing profession, PHC involves "the delivery of comprehensive coordinated, continuous and individualized total patient care through the professional nurse who has autonomy, accountability and authority on a 24 hours basis" (Hodgkinson, 1990).

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A primary nurse (PN) is thus responsible for administering capable and competent healthcare services to a group of patients throughout the duration of their inpatient care, as opposed to the team nursing concept which allows a single nurse to conduct only the predetermined set of tests and procedures to which they are assigned.

The Canadian Nurses Association recently identified a series of five guiding principles to be applied comprehensively to the PHC approach, consisting of Accessibility, Public Participation, Health Promotion, Appropriate Technology, Intersectoral Cooperation (Canadian Nurses Association, 2005). The principle of accessibility assures that a healthcare provider maintains a consistent and constant supply of equipment, medication, and other essential services which can be efficiently delivered throughout a community without unnecessary restriction….....

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