How Obesity Affects Epidemiology Essay

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Egger et al. have come up with a unified obesity prevention and epidemiology -connected strategy labeled ‘obesity ecological model’ (OEM) (Egger, Swinburn & Rossner, 2003). Host elements encompass individual mindsets and opinions, conduct, and physiological modifications (Mela, 2005). From a social standpoint, modern lifestyle supports reduced everyday physical exercise, which constitutes a key obesity driver. Leisure time is largely devoted to TV-viewing and personal computer, laptop or smartphone use. The above distinct influences contribute to the decreased expenditure of energy, having overt repercussions for leftover energy. This steady physical exercise reduction, perhaps, serves as a key factor for the growing obesity rate. Minor behavioral modifications (for instance, decreased calorie intake or a half-hour brisk walk daily) may play a part in checking the obesity pandemic (Korbonits, 2008).



The vectors identified encompass huge portion sizes, energy-saving tools, and foods/drinks packed with calories and low on beneficial nutrients (Hu, 2008). Vectors responsible for delivering excess amounts of energy to hosts, resulting in passive energy-over-consumption, mainly include big portion sizes and fatty foods, alcohol, high-sugar drinks and other calorie-packed foods and drinks. Vectors of decreased expenditure of energy include: tools decreasing transport/work energy cost (for instance, automobiles and electrical home appliances) and devices fostering passive leisure time (for instance, TV, smartphones, etc.) (Mela, 2005).

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. The wide distance between people’s homes, shopping areas and workplaces makes reliance on motorized transport unavoidable. While modern city structures endeavor to make more room for buses, trams and automobiles, they do not increase avenues for cycling, walking and other healthy activities. Increased automation in work settings has decreased workload on personnel, accompanied by decreased expenditure of energy and physical exertion (Korbonits, 2008).



Environmental factors include physical, economic, sociocultural, and political factors (Hu, 2008). Mela (2005) describes the aforementioned elements as follows: physical – what’s available; economic – revenues, expenditure and other financial aspects; sociocultural – societal perspectives, mindsets, principles and views); and political – underlying rules.



With the decrease in food prices in relation to earnings, one will seldom encounter the issue of insufficient calorie consumption within industrialized nations. Energy overconsumption has been promoted by the abundance of cheap, energy-packed foods. The food production process has also undergone a shift from households to retailers, wholesalers and eateries. With regard to the latter, serving sizes are growing progressively; further, the commercial and social settings promote increased food consumption and,….....

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References

Drucquer, N. (2007). Theory and Research in Promoting Public Health?Edited by Sarah Earle, Cathy E. Lloyd, Moyra Sidell and Sue Spurr and Health Promotion Practice: Building Empowered Communities?By Glenn Laverack. Health & Social Care in the Community, 15(6), 605-606.

Egger, G., Swinburn, B., & Rossner, S. (2003). Dusting off the epidemiological triad: could it work with obesity?. Obesity reviews, 4(2), 115-119.

Hu, F. (2008). Obesity epidemiology. Oxford University Press.

Korbonits, M. (2008). Obesity and metabolism. Basel: Karger.

Mela, D (2005). Food, diet and obesity. Elsevier.
 

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