Industrial Revolution Refers to the Term Paper

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The overall shift of the population was also significant -- in pre-industrial England more than three-quarters of the population lived in cities; by mid nineteenth century over half of the population lived in cities (Ashton, 49). The United States experienced similar urbanization as a result of the industrial revolution. In 1860 there were only 9 American cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants but by 1900, such cities had increased to 38 (Porter, para on "Growth of Cities")

The effect of the Industrial Revolution on individual members of the working class was also significant. It resulted in loss of the traditional family structure, as many single male members of rural peasant families moved to cities in search of jobs in the factories. Most of these factory workers had to live and work in appalling conditions, away from their families.

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The monotony of the specialized and repetitive work in mechanized factories, which was based on the principle of 'division of labor,' took its toll on the mental and physical health of the workers. As a result, socialist movements that fought for improved working conditions for the working class, gained strength across Europe in the 19th century. Karl Marx (1818-1883) formulated his theory of Communism as a reaction to the socio-economic outcomes of the industrial revolution and the European Revolutions of 1848, when rebellions broke out simultaneously in several countries, were also a direct consequence of the excesses of the industrial revolution. Eventually, however, factory laws that regulated the working hours and reformed the working conditions were promulgated in most industrialized countries and it is generally recognized that the Industrial Revolution has improved the living conditions of a.....

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Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution refers to the wave of technological, economic, and social changes taking place during the nineteenth century. Although fueled by new technology, the industrial revolution had a tremendous effect on society. The Industrial Revolution led to urbanization, social class stratification, and the capitalist market economy. One feature of the Industrial Revolution was the newfound ability to mass-produce goods. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, any machine that was used to aid manufacturing, such as a loom or the cotton gin, could only be used by a single individual producing one… Continue Reading...

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